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玉米聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)清選損失監(jiān)測(cè)裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0700105-03)


Improvement and Experiment of Cleaning Loss Rate Monitoring Device for Corn Combine Harvester
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)玉米籽粒收獲時(shí),損失率檢測(cè)不準(zhǔn)的問(wèn)題,以壓電薄膜作為敏感材料,設(shè)計(jì)了一種由沖擊傳感器、信號(hào)處理電路和安裝裝置等組成的玉米收獲機(jī)籽粒清選損失監(jiān)測(cè)裝置,并采用支持向量機(jī)多分類(lèi)算法提取玉米籽粒沖擊信號(hào),實(shí)現(xiàn)了玉米籽粒損失的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)。首先,在不同沖擊角度和高度的試驗(yàn)條件下,對(duì)不同大小的玉米籽粒和雜余進(jìn)行沖擊信號(hào)的采集試驗(yàn),提取沖擊信號(hào)的主要特征。采用支持向量機(jī)多分類(lèi)算法對(duì)模型進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練,并在監(jiān)測(cè)裝置上實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)分類(lèi)。使用不同品種和含水率玉米對(duì)分類(lèi)模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。然后,在不同風(fēng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速和清選篩開(kāi)度條件下,得到測(cè)試時(shí)間內(nèi)傳感器檢測(cè)的籽粒數(shù)與總損失量之間的關(guān)系,并根據(jù)谷物流量值,計(jì)算得到實(shí)時(shí)的清選損失率。最后,將該監(jiān)測(cè)裝置安裝在4YL-8型玉米聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)上進(jìn)行田間試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明,該監(jiān)測(cè)裝置與人工檢測(cè)相比,平均相對(duì)誤差為12.98%,可以為收獲機(jī)的控制提供反饋信息。

    Abstract:

    Piezoelectric films were used as sensor sensitive materials. A grain cleaning loss rate monitoring device suitable for corn harvesting was designed. The impact sensor, signal processing circuit and mounting device were designed, and the corresponding processing algorithm was used to collect the impact signal. Firstly, under different experimental conditions of impact angle and height, the impact signal acquisition experiments of different sizes of corn kernels and impurities were carried out. The main characteristics of impact signal were also extracted. Secondly, the support vector machine was used for multi-classification. The model was trained by the support vector machine multi-classification algorithm and real-time classification was implemented on the monitoring device. And the classification model was validated by using different corn varieties and moisture content. Then, under the conditions of different fan speeds and cleaning screen opening degrees, the relationship between the number of grains detected by the sensor and the total loss during the test time was obtained. And the real-time cleaning loss rate was calculated according to the grain flow value. Finally, the monitoring device was mounted on a 4YL-8 combine harvester and field trials were conducted. The results showed that the average relative error of the monitoring device compared with manual detection was 12.98%, which can provide feedback for the control of the harvester.

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王卓,車(chē)東,白曉平,胡河春.玉米聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)清選損失監(jiān)測(cè)裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(12):100-108. WANG Zhuo, CHE Dong, BAI Xiaoping, HU Hechun. Improvement and Experiment of Cleaning Loss Rate Monitoring Device for Corn Combine Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(12):100-108.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-07-10
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2018-12-10
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