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苔麩播種機(jī)氣流輸送式排種系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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比爾及梅琳達(dá)·蓋茨基金會(huì)項(xiàng)目(OPP1118825)


Design and Experiment of Pneumatic Seeding System of Teff Seeder
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    摘要:

    設(shè)計(jì)了一種苔麩播種機(jī)氣流輸送式排種系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)主要由排種器、風(fēng)送輸種管、分配器和風(fēng)機(jī)等關(guān)鍵部件組成。對(duì)排種器、風(fēng)送輸種管和分配器進(jìn)行理論分析與設(shè)計(jì),得到關(guān)鍵參數(shù)模型和理論值,完成風(fēng)機(jī)選型,搭建了氣流輸送式排種系統(tǒng)試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)。采用二次回歸通用旋轉(zhuǎn)組合設(shè)計(jì)試驗(yàn),以風(fēng)送輸種管進(jìn)口風(fēng)速和播種量為影響因素,以總排種量穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)和各行排種量一致性變異系數(shù)為響應(yīng)指標(biāo),對(duì)氣流輸送式排種系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行臺(tái)架試驗(yàn),運(yùn)用Design-Expert軟件對(duì)試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行方差分析、響應(yīng)面分析,得到最優(yōu)工作參數(shù)組合:風(fēng)速25.42m/s,播種量15kg/hm2。最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,各行排種量一致性變異系數(shù)4.96%,總排種量穩(wěn)定性變系數(shù)0.98%,試驗(yàn)值與理論優(yōu)化值相對(duì)誤差小于4.2%,種子破損率0.12%,排種均勻性變異系數(shù)20.4%,滿足標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和農(nóng)藝要求。

    Abstract:

    Teff is one of Ethiopia’s most important cereal crops. It is grown by about six million households on approximately 2.2 million hectares or 30% of the land area under cereal production. In Ethiopia, teff is mainly produced by smallholder farmers in a traditional way, and it is a very laborious process, both pre- and post-seeding. In order to solve the problem of Ethiopia teff mechanization seeding, a pneumatic seeding system of teff seeder was designed. The system mainly included seed-metering device, air delivery tube for seeds, distributor, fan and so on. The seed-metering device, air delivery tube for seeds, distributor was designed and analyzed, and the key parameters of pneumatic seeding system were got. The fan was selected by the key parameters, and the pneumatic seeding system experiment platform was set. The quadratic regression general rotation combination design was used for the experiment and the inlet wind speed of air delivery tube and seeding rate were taken as the influential factors. The stability variability coefficient of the full seeding quantity and the consistency variability coefficient of row seeding quantity were measured and analyzed. Through the analysis of variance and response surface analysis by Design-Expert software, the mathematical model was optimized and validated. The wind speed was 25.42m/s and seed rate was 15kg/hm2, which was optimal parameter combination. The results under the optimized experiment showed that the consistency variability coefficient of row seeding quantity was 4.96% and the stability variability coefficient of the full seeding quantity was 0.98%. The seed damaged rate was 0.12%, and seed uniformity coefficient of variation was 20.4%. The parameters can meet the standard and agronomy requirements.

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趙金輝,劉立晶,楊學(xué)軍,杜佳偉,趙鄭斌.苔麩播種機(jī)氣流輸送式排種系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(s1):101-107. ZHAO Jinhui, LIU Lijing, YANG Xuejun, DU Jiawei, ZHAO Zhengbin. Design and Experiment of Pneumatic Seeding System of Teff Seeder[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(s1):101-107.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-07-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-11-10
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