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三角鏈半杯勺式丘陵山區(qū)馬鈴薯精密播種機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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湖北省科技創(chuàng)新重大項(xiàng)目(2016ABA092)和國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項(xiàng)目(CARS-9-P07)


Design and Experiment of Triangular Chain Half Cup Spoon-shaped Potato Precision Planter in Hilly Mountainous Areas
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    針對中國丘陵山區(qū)地形復(fù)雜、馬鈴薯機(jī)械化水平偏低、種植規(guī)模較小等問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種可實(shí)現(xiàn)施肥、播種、開溝起壟、整形鎮(zhèn)壓一體化作業(yè)的三角鏈半杯勺式馬鈴薯精密播種機(jī)。將傳統(tǒng)的鏈勺式馬鈴薯播種機(jī)的“上下”2個(gè)鏈輪的傳動(dòng)改為3個(gè)鏈輪的“三角形排列”的傳動(dòng)模式,增加了水平清種區(qū),依靠重力清種,減少種薯的損傷,以及實(shí)現(xiàn)單粒精播的要求;將勺式取種裝置改為半杯狀取種裝置,有效增加了取種數(shù)量,提高了取種的可靠性;通過分析計(jì)算確定了排肥系統(tǒng)、靴式開溝器、排種系統(tǒng)的工作參數(shù),對于丘陵山區(qū)土地粘性大造成的起壟高度低、起壟不平整等問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一套開溝起壟、整形鎮(zhèn)壓裝置。田間試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)作業(yè)速度1.9~2.0km/h時(shí),粒距合格指數(shù)83.26%,重播指數(shù)8.36%,漏播指數(shù)8.38%,變異系數(shù)22.31%,壟高、壟底寬、壟面寬和壟距的穩(wěn)定系數(shù)均在97%以上,性能指標(biāo)符合國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of complex topography, low level of potato mechanization and small planting scale in hilly mountainous areas of China, a triangular chain half cup spoonshaped potato precision planter was designed, which can realize the integration of fertilization, sowing, ditching and ridging, shaping, soilcovering and soilcompacting. The transmission mode of the “up and low” two sprocket of the traditional chain spoon potato planter was changed to the “triangular arrangement” of three sprockets, which increased the horizontal clearance area, relied on the gravity clear species, reduced the damage of seed potato, and realized the requirement of singlegrain precision sowing. Changing the spoontype device into a halfcup seedtaking device effectively increased the number of seed taken and improved the reliability of the seed taking. The working parameters of the fertilizer discharging system, the boottype opener and the seeding system were determined by the analysis and calculation. A set of ditching and ridging, shaping, soilcovering and soilcompacting device was designed to solve the problem of low ridge height and uneven ridge formation caused by large land viscosity in hilly mountainous areas. The field test results showed that when the working speed was 1.9~2.0km/h, the qualified grain distance index was 83.26%, the rebroadcasting index was 8.36%, and the missedairing index was 8.38%, the coefficient of variation was 22.31%, and the stability coefficient of the ridge height, ridge bottom width, ridge width and ridge distance were all above 97%. Performance index met national standards.

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段宏兵,陳志鵬,宋波濤,余參參,徐濤.三角鏈半杯勺式丘陵山區(qū)馬鈴薯精密播種機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(1):96-104. DUAN Hongbing, CHEN Zhipeng, SONG Botao, YU Cancan, XU Tao. Design and Experiment of Triangular Chain Half Cup Spoon-shaped Potato Precision Planter in Hilly Mountainous Areas[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(1):96-104.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-10-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-01-10
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