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免耕播種機星齒凹面盤式清秸防堵裝置設計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD070030201)和吉林省省校共建計劃項目(SXGJSF2017-6-1)


Design and Experiment of Star-toothed Concave Disk Row Cleaners for No-till Planter
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    摘要:

    針對東北地區(qū)免耕播種機在玉米秸稈全量粉碎還田作業(yè)時,平面爪輪式清秸防堵裝置清秸率低、作業(yè)性能不穩(wěn)定,播種機作業(yè)質量和工作效率降低等問題,設計一種星齒凹面盤式清秸防堵裝置。通過分析作業(yè)時秸稈顆粒在凹面清秸盤上的運動規(guī)律,確定了影響清秸率的主要結構參數和各參數的取值范圍。結合旋轉正交試驗設計和EDEM離散元仿真技術確定了星齒凹面清秸盤的最優(yōu)結構參數組合,通過田間對比試驗驗證了該裝置的作業(yè)性能。研究結果表明:影響星齒凹面盤式清秸防堵裝置作業(yè)性能的主要結構參數為清秸盤回轉半徑、圓盤曲面投影長度和曲率半徑。當清秸盤回轉半徑為152.5mm、曲率半徑為160mm和圓盤曲面投影長度為50.9mm時,該裝置作業(yè)性能最佳,苗帶清秸率和作業(yè)阻力分別為92.2%和142.6N。星齒凹面盤式清秸防堵裝置的工作性能優(yōu)于平面爪輪式防堵裝置,作業(yè)質量穩(wěn)定,滿足免耕播種作業(yè)農藝和技術要求。

    Abstract:

    The corn planting model of full straw returning and no-tillage sowing techniques was used in the northeastern part of China. Due to the thick and abundant maize straws, limited the quality and efficiency of sowing operations and reduced crop yield, the concave disk row cleaners with star-tooth capable of efficient straw cleaning in whole straw mulching fields were designed. The kinematic pattern of straw particles at surface of disc row cleaner during the operation was clarified through the use of theoretical analysis, the main structural parameters affecting the operational quality of the row cleaners were clarified, and the range of values of each parameter were determined. Combined with rotational orthogonal test design and EDEM discrete element simulation technology, the optimal structural parameter combination of the row cleaner was achieved. The performance of the row cleaners was verified by field comparison test. The results showed that the main structural parameters affecting the performance of the device were radius of gyration of the disk, projection length of disk camber and radius of curvature. When the radius of gyration of the disk was 152.5mm, the projection length of disk camber was 50.9mm,and the radius of curvature was 160mm, the working performance of the row cleaners was the best, and the straw cleaning rate and working resistance were 92.2% and 142.6N, respectively. The working performance of the row cleaners was better than that of the plane row cleaners, and the operation quality was stable, which satisfied the agronomic and technical requirements of no-till planting.

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王奇,賈洪雷,朱龍圖,李名偉,趙佳樂.免耕播種機星齒凹面盤式清秸防堵裝置設計與試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2019,50(2):68-77. WANG Qi, JIA Honglei, ZHU Longtu, LI Mingwei, ZHAO Jiale. Design and Experiment of Star-toothed Concave Disk Row Cleaners for No-till Planter[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(2):68-77.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-12-07
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-02-10
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