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炭肥混施下土壤養(yǎng)分緩釋特征與芥菜鎘富集響應(yīng)模擬
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51469008、41661070)、江西省青年科學(xué)基金重點項目(20171ACB21024)、江西省科技計劃項目(20151BBF60059)和江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)研究生創(chuàng)新專項資金項目(NDYC2017-B002)


Soil Nutrient Release Characteristics and Response Simulation of Cadmium Accumulation in Mustard Plants under Mixed Bio-carbon and Fertilizer
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    摘要:

    土壤養(yǎng)分有效性是影響重金屬富集植物的重要因素,為研究炭肥混施下土壤養(yǎng)分緩釋特征及芥菜鎘富集趨勢,試驗設(shè)置施肥比例(分別為基準(zhǔn)施肥量的0、20%、40%、70%、100%,基準(zhǔn)施肥量為N350kg/hm2、P2O5180kg/hm2、K2O 180kg/hm2)以及施炭比例(炭肥質(zhì)量比0、3%、9%)完全組合設(shè)計。結(jié)果表明:基于Logistic曲線模型模擬炭肥混施下土壤養(yǎng)分緩釋特征及鎘富集趨勢效果較好,均方根誤差占實測平均值的3.29%~8.37%且R2不小于0.9570。炭肥混施下土壤養(yǎng)分高效緩釋的施肥比例區(qū)間為0.99%~55.18%,相比未施炭的有效氮、有效磷最大緩釋效率值分別提升49.17%~90.00%、13.25%~37.35%,高效緩釋下土壤養(yǎng)分含量提高17.38%~40.93%。鎘富集下芥菜生物量通過土壤養(yǎng)分高效緩釋增長119.65%~263.36%,且地上部相比根部的生物量高效累積最大效率值提高166.67%~300.00%,有效氮、有效磷響應(yīng)區(qū)間分別擴(kuò)大150.00%、12.51%,為鎘由根部向地上部的轉(zhuǎn)運提供動力基礎(chǔ);芥菜鎘含量、富集系數(shù)在土壤養(yǎng)分高效緩釋區(qū)間增長97.79%~201.96%。為滿足芥菜鎘高效富集并兼顧肥料節(jié)約,通過模型反算得炭肥混施策略優(yōu)化為:9%施炭下有效氮、有效磷和有效鉀肥的比例分別為60.58%、61.32%、21.48%。

    Abstract:

    Soil nutrient availability is an important factor influencing heavy metal enrichment plant. The characteristics of soil nutrient slowrelease and the tendency of cadmium accumulation of mustard were studied. A complete combination design of fertilization rate (0, 20%, 40%, 70% and 100% of the benchmark fertilizer application amount respectively, and the benchmark fertilizer application amount was N350kg/m2, P2O5 180kg/hm2 and K2O 180kg/hm2) and carbon application ratio (carbon fertilizer quality ratio of 0, 3% and 9%) were set up in the experiment. The results showed that the soil nutrient slowrelease characteristics and cadmium enrichment trend were well fitted based on the Logistic curve model, and the measured root mean square error ratio was 3.29%~8.37%, and R2 was no less than 0.9570. The fertilizer proportion of soil nutrient with high efficient and slowrelease under combined application of carbon fertilizer was 0.99%~55.18%, the maximum sustainedrelease efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus was increased by 49.17%~90.00%, 13.25%~37.35%, respectively, and the soil nutrient content was increased by 17.38%~40.93%, compared with that without carbon application. The biomass of mustard with cadmium concentration was increased by 119.65%~263.36% through efficient slowrelease of soil nutrients, and the maximum efficiency value of the biomass in the aboveground part was increased by 166.67%~300.00% compared with the biomass in the root part. The content of cadmium and enrichment coefficient of mustard greens was increased by 97.79%~201.96% in the highly efficient slowrelease interval of soil nutrients. Therefore, in order to meet the requirement of both high efficiency and high concentration of mustard cadmium and fertilizer conservation, the combined application strategy of carbon fertilizer was optimized as follows: the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizer under 9% carbon was 60.58%, 61.32% and 21.48%.

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李轉(zhuǎn)玲,李培嶺,黃國勤,MUHAAMAD A.炭肥混施下土壤養(yǎng)分緩釋特征與芥菜鎘富集響應(yīng)模擬[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2019,50(2):250-257. LI Zhuanling, LI Peiling, HUANG Guoqin, MUHAAMAD A. Soil Nutrient Release Characteristics and Response Simulation of Cadmium Accumulation in Mustard Plants under Mixed Bio-carbon and Fertilizer[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(2):250-257.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-11-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-02-10
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