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擺頭轉(zhuǎn)臺型五軸機(jī)床旋轉(zhuǎn)軸運(yùn)動誤差測量與辨識
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國家科技重大專項(xiàng)(2015ZX04001051)和長江學(xué)者和創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)展計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(IRT_15R54)


Motion Error Measurement and Identification of Rotary Axis of Five-axis Machine Tool
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    摘要:

    為了快速、系統(tǒng)地辨識擺頭轉(zhuǎn)臺型五軸機(jī)床旋轉(zhuǎn)軸幾何誤差中的12項(xiàng)運(yùn)動誤差,提出了一種基于球桿儀(Double ball bar, DBB)五次安裝的運(yùn)動誤差測量辨識方法。首先,結(jié)合擺頭轉(zhuǎn)臺型五軸機(jī)床旋轉(zhuǎn)軸分布特征,基于多體系統(tǒng)理論及齊次坐標(biāo)變換方法建立了旋轉(zhuǎn)軸局部坐標(biāo)系下的測量模型,表征了空間誤差向量與幾何誤差項(xiàng)之間的映射關(guān)系。其次,通過設(shè)置DBB初始安裝位置及方向,實(shí)現(xiàn)了不同測量模式之間的連續(xù)切換,從而構(gòu)造了五次安裝法,辨識了擺頭轉(zhuǎn)臺型五軸機(jī)床2個旋轉(zhuǎn)軸共計(jì)12項(xiàng)運(yùn)動誤差,降低了DBB安裝誤差對測量及辨識結(jié)果準(zhǔn)確性的影響。最后,在擺頭轉(zhuǎn)臺型五軸機(jī)床上利用五次安裝法進(jìn)行基于DBB的運(yùn)動誤差測量辨識實(shí)驗(yàn)以及虛擬圓錐臺軌跡測量實(shí)驗(yàn),利用辨識值進(jìn)行誤差補(bǔ)償,結(jié)果顯示兩個旋轉(zhuǎn)軸的幾何誤差平均降低了48.89%和51.49%,虛擬圓錐臺測量軌跡的半徑偏差降低了50.52%。誤差補(bǔ)償結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了測量、辨識的準(zhǔn)確性和有效性。

    Abstract:

    In order to quickly and systematically identify the 12 geometric errors of the rotary axes of five-axis machine tool with a swiveling head, a five installation method for measuring and identifying geometric error based on the double ball bar (DBB) was proposed. Firstly, based on the distribution characteristics of the rotary axes of five-axis machine tool with swiveling head, the measurement models under the local coordinate systems of the rotary axes were established based on the multi-body system theory and the homogeneous coordinate transformation method, and the mapping relationship between the volume error vectors and the geometric error terms was established, which can also be used for geometric error compensation. Secondly, initial installation position and direction of the DBB were set, the continuous switching between different measurement modes was realized, and then the five installation method was proposed, which can realize the identification of the total 12 motion errors of the two rotary axes of five-axis machine tool with swiveling head, and it reduced the impact of installation errors on the accuracy of measurement and identification. Finally, the DBB-based motion errors measurement and identification experiments were carried out on the five-axis machine tool with swiveling head by using five installation methods. The geometric errors of five-axis machine tool with a turntable-tilting head were compensated with the identification values, and the average of motion errors of the two rotary axes were reduced by 48.89% and 51.49%, respectively. The accuracy and validity of five installation method were verified.

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郭世杰,姜歌東,梅雪松.擺頭轉(zhuǎn)臺型五軸機(jī)床旋轉(zhuǎn)軸運(yùn)動誤差測量與辨識[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(2):402-410,426. GUO Shijie, JIANG Gedong, MEI Xuesong. Motion Error Measurement and Identification of Rotary Axis of Five-axis Machine Tool[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(2):402-410,426.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-08-11
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-02-10
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