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基于冗余聯(lián)動的六軸聯(lián)動數(shù)控機(jī)床加工軌跡誤差優(yōu)化
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國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(863計(jì)劃)項(xiàng)目(2014AA041605)


Optimization of Machining Trajectory Error Based on Redundant Linkage in Six-axis Linkage CNC Machine Tool
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    摘要:

    針對數(shù)控機(jī)床實(shí)際加工軌跡與理論軌跡存在誤差的現(xiàn)象,提出利用六軸聯(lián)動數(shù)控機(jī)床冗余聯(lián)動特點(diǎn)優(yōu)化該誤差的方法。建立了一類六軸聯(lián)動數(shù)控機(jī)床的運(yùn)動學(xué)模型,并研究了其冗余聯(lián)動特點(diǎn)。根據(jù)刀具接觸點(diǎn)運(yùn)動規(guī)律,以冗余旋轉(zhuǎn)聯(lián)動軸的運(yùn)動優(yōu)化刀具中心點(diǎn)運(yùn)動軌跡誤差和刀具軸線轉(zhuǎn)動軌跡誤差,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)加工軌跡誤差的優(yōu)化。在實(shí)際六軸聯(lián)動數(shù)控機(jī)床上進(jìn)行了拋光加工實(shí)驗(yàn),通過應(yīng)用所提出的軌跡誤差優(yōu)化算法,減小了拋光過程中的加工軌跡誤差,降低了工件表面粗糙度,且保證加工后表面具有較高的均勻一致性,提高了拋光表面質(zhì)量,從而驗(yàn)證了所提出方法的有效性。

    Abstract:

    To minimize the error between actual processing trajectory and theoretical trajectory in computer numerical control (CNC) machine tool, an error optimization method with the redundant feature of six-axis linkage CNC machine tool was proposed. Firstly, the kinematic model of a type six-axis linkage CNC machine tool which had three linkage axes and three rotation linkage axes was established. Then, the feature of redundant linkage of machine tool was researched, and the redundant rotation linkage axis was defined. With the trajectory model of contact point between tool and workpiece, the trajectory errors models of tool center point and axis vector were established. The errors models showed that the values of them depended on the motion of rotation linkage axes. The motion of redundant rotation linkage axis was applied to adjust the motions of all linkage axes. The values of the two errors became the minimum when the sum of the motion of rotation linkage axes became the minimum. And, it made the values of the processing trajectory error became the minimum at the same time. To demonstrate the validity of the optimization method, two polishing experiments were made in a six-axis linkage CNC machine tool. An experiment was made in the five-axis linkage mode that the redundant rotation linkage axis was motionless, and another experiment was made in the six-axis linkage mode. Because the lower machining trajectory error made the lower surface roughness and the higher of its consistency, compared with the five-axis linkage mode, the processing result in six-axis linkage mode was more excellent. The validity of the method was verified by the results of experiments.

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張鵬翔,周凱,李學(xué)崑.基于冗余聯(lián)動的六軸聯(lián)動數(shù)控機(jī)床加工軌跡誤差優(yōu)化[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(2):411-419. ZHANG Pengxiang, ZHOU Kai, LI Xuekun. Optimization of Machining Trajectory Error Based on Redundant Linkage in Six-axis Linkage CNC Machine Tool[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(2):411-419.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-08-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-02-10
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