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氣流作業(yè)下霧滴粒徑稻株間分布特性與風洞模擬試驗
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國家自然科學基金項目(31771682)和高等學校學科創(chuàng)新引智計劃項目(D18019)


Distribution Characteristics of Droplet Size in Rice Field and Wind Tunnel Simulation Test under Airflow Operation
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    摘要:

    為探究氣流渦旋作業(yè)方式對航空噴施霧滴粒徑分布的影響,以XR-Teejet 110015型壓力式扇形航空噴頭為研究對象,在風洞和田間環(huán)境中進行了霧滴粒徑測試試驗。風洞測試模擬田間環(huán)境風速設置氣流速度,同時設置了3種噴施壓力,使用激光粒度分析儀測量霧滴粒徑。田間試驗以四旋翼無人機為施藥載體,對雜交水稻進行精準對靶噴施,并對各架次無人機旋翼氣流與冠層互作程度不同所形成的渦旋形態(tài)對應的霧滴粒徑分布特性進行了分析。結果表明:風洞條件下,各測試噴頭均處于非常細的霧化等級,霧化性能良好且穩(wěn)定;田間試驗中,渦旋形態(tài)對霧滴粒徑分布影響顯著;3種渦旋形態(tài)下,小于200μm的霧滴粒徑綜合平均占比分別為73.52%、74.21%和84.20%,與風洞測試結果較為一致,但田間試驗所得霧滴粒徑值明顯偏高;明顯的渦旋形態(tài)與小范圍渦旋形態(tài)霧滴粒徑在作物各層位分布趨勢較為平緩,各層霧滴體積中徑變異系數(shù)均處于3.96%~10.66%之間,無渦旋形態(tài)各層霧滴粒徑分布則體現(xiàn)較大的波動性,變異系數(shù)也較高,處于9.49%~17.11%之間,說明較為明顯的渦旋形態(tài)有助于霧滴在作物冠層垂直空間的穿透,達到更好的施藥效果。研究結果可為農(nóng)用無人機田間精準噴施作業(yè)提供參考。

    Abstract:

    In order to investigate the effect of airflow vortex operation on the droplets size distribution of aerial spray, the XR-Teejet 110015 pressure fanshaped nozzle was used as an example, and was tested in the wind tunnel and field respectively. The wind speed in the field was simulated by the airflow velocity of the wind tunnel test, and three spray pressures were set, the droplet size were measured by the laser particle size analyzer. In the field experiment, a fourrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was used as the platform to spray on target, then the droplet size distribution regular of each vortex shape formed by different interaction between rotor airflow and canopy were analyzed. The results showed that under the conditions of wind tunnel, each test nozzle was in a very fine atomization level, and the atomization performance was well and stable. The formation of vortex state had a significant effect on the droplets size distribution in the field test. Under the three vortex states, the comprehensive average proportion of droplet size less than 200μm was 73.52%, 74.21% and 84.20%, respectively, which was consistent with the wind tunnel test results, but the DV01, DV05 and DV09 of the droplet in the field test were significantly higher than that in the wind tunnel test. The droplets size of the obvious vortex state and small range vortex had a relatively flat distribution trend in the various layers of the crop, and the variation coefficient of volume median diameter in each layer was between 3.96% and 10.66%, but the no vortex state showed a large volatility, and the coefficient of variation was in the range of 9.49%~17.11%, which indicated that the relatively obvious vortex state was conducive to the penetration of droplets in the vertical space and achieved better application effect. The research results can provide reference and guidance for the accurate spraying operation of agricultural UAV, and have important significance for improving the utilization rate of pesticides in aerial spraying operations.

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李繼宇,郭爽,姚偉祥,展義龍,李一凡.氣流作業(yè)下霧滴粒徑稻株間分布特性與風洞模擬試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2019,50(8):148-156. LI Jiyu, GUO Shuang, YAO Weixiang, ZHAN Yilong, LI Yifan. Distribution Characteristics of Droplet Size in Rice Field and Wind Tunnel Simulation Test under Airflow Operation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(8):148-156.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-05-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-08-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-08-10
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