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閉式泵控三腔液壓缸驅(qū)動(dòng)裝載機(jī)舉升裝置特性研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(U1510206、51775363)和山西省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(201803D421040)


Characteristics of Wheel Loader Lifting Device Based on Closed Pump-controlled Threechamber Hydraulic Cylinder
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    摘要:

    裝載機(jī)是一種頻繁裝卸貨物的工程機(jī)械,在工作過程中其舉升裝置及其負(fù)載存在大量的重力勢(shì)能,為回收利用這部分能量,提出閉式泵控三腔液壓缸的裝載機(jī)舉升裝置。將原有動(dòng)臂非對(duì)稱兩腔液壓缸改為對(duì)稱液壓缸,增加一個(gè)勢(shì)能回收腔,并與蓄能器相連,直接回收與利用重力勢(shì)能。閉式泵控液壓系統(tǒng)通過伺服電機(jī)-定量泵驅(qū)動(dòng)三腔液壓缸,消除液壓系統(tǒng)的節(jié)流和溢流損失,并通過采用速度-位置復(fù)合閉環(huán)控制策略提高舉升裝置的響應(yīng)特性。首先對(duì)閉式泵控三腔液壓缸舉升裝置工作原理進(jìn)行分析,搭建其數(shù)學(xué)模型,并設(shè)計(jì)相應(yīng)控制策略;然后構(gòu)建該裝置的多學(xué)科機(jī)電液聯(lián)合仿真模型,并驗(yàn)證其可行性;最后構(gòu)建該裝置的試驗(yàn)測(cè)試平臺(tái),進(jìn)一步分析其工作與能耗特性。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,與無蓄能器參與工作的閉式泵控系統(tǒng)相比,采用該系統(tǒng),液壓缸的平均工作壓力由10MPa降為6MPa,一個(gè)工作周期內(nèi)系統(tǒng)能耗降低21.2%;較原有閥控非對(duì)稱液壓缸系統(tǒng),空載、半載和滿載工況下能耗分別降低22.7%、20.9%和21.5%。

    Abstract:

    As an engineering machine which loads and unloads gravel frequently, wheel loaders own large potential energy when the unloading process. In order to recover and utilize the potential energy, a closed pumpcontrolled threechamber hydraulic cylinder lifting device was proposed. The servo motor and accumulator supplied power for the device. A potential energy recovery chamber was added to the original boom hydraulic cylinder to form a threechamber hydraulic cylinder. The potential energy was recovered and utilized by an accumulator connected with the added chamber when the wheel loader dropped. The closed hydraulic system composed of the fixed displacement pump and the threechamber hydraulic cylinder was used to drive the lifting device, and the servo motor was used to drive the pump. In order to accurately control the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder, the displacement feedback of the hydraulic cylinder was adopted to closedloop control of the motor speed. In the research, the mathematical model and the transfer function of closed pumpcontrolled threechamber hydraulic cylinder lifting device were established. Firstly, the static characteristics of the device were analyzed, and the corresponding control strategies were put forward. Then, according to the working principle and control strategies of the proposed device, a multidisciplinary electromechanicalhydraulic simulation model was constructed, and its feasibility, dynamic and energy consumption characteristics were analyzed. Finally, a test system of the proposed device was constructed to verify its dynamic and energy consumption characteristics. Based on the simulation and experimental results, the energy consumption of the proposed device was reduced by 21.2% in one working cycle under halfload condition comparing with the closed pumpcontrolled twochamber hydraulic cylinder lifting device. Compared with the original valvecontrolled hydraulic lifting device, the energy consumption of the proposed device under noload, halfload and fullload conditions were decreased by 22.7%, 20.9% and 21.5%, respectively.

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張曉剛,王翔宇,張紅娟,權(quán)龍.閉式泵控三腔液壓缸驅(qū)動(dòng)裝載機(jī)舉升裝置特性研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(10):410-418. ZHANG Xiaogang, WANG Xiangyu, ZHANG Hongjuan, QUAN Long. Characteristics of Wheel Loader Lifting Device Based on Closed Pump-controlled Threechamber Hydraulic Cylinder[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(10):410-418.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-04-02
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-10-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-10-10