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馬鈴薯微型種薯種植機雙側(cè)位深施肥裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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山東省泰山產(chǎn)業(yè)領(lǐng)軍人才工程高效生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新項目(LJNY201615)和教育部創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊發(fā)展計劃項目(IRT13039)


Design and Experiment of Double-side Deep Fertilizing Device for Potato Micro-seed Planter
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    摘要:

    基于前期設(shè)計的馬鈴薯微型種薯(簡稱“微型薯”)播種機,結(jié)合微型薯種植農(nóng)藝特點,設(shè)計了一種單行薯雙側(cè)位深施肥裝置,并對其關(guān)鍵部件排肥器和施肥開溝器進(jìn)行分析。采用運動學(xué)理論分析了顆粒肥料在排肥器內(nèi)的運動特性,并通過離散元仿真模擬研究了不同螺距下排肥器排肥情況,以確定較佳的螺距;采用力學(xué)理論對施肥開溝器進(jìn)行分析,明確開溝圓盤等設(shè)計參數(shù)。機具靜態(tài)試驗表明,排肥器間的排肥均勻性變異系數(shù)為2.29%,排肥器排肥穩(wěn)定性較好;田間試驗結(jié)果表明,肥料與種薯間的平均橫向間距為51.2mm,平均縱向間距為63.5mm,施肥裝置的整體施肥作業(yè)性能滿足農(nóng)藝要求。

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    Aiming at promoting the research of mechanical fertilization in potato micro-seed planting, and enhancing the development level of potato industry in China, a kind of fertilizing device corresponding to the former designed potato micro-seed planter was developed. The fertilizing device mainly consisted of a fertilizer box, four fertilizer feeders, eight fertilizer guiding tubes and eight fertilizing openers. Combining with kinematic analysis and discrete element simulation, the whole structure of fertilizer feeder was designed and key parameters were confirmed. The length of spiral blade at single-rotation was 120mm, the outer diameter and pitch of spiral blade was 56mm and 45mm, respectively. The whole structure of fertilizing opener was designed, and parameters of the key parts such as ditching discs and tension spring were determined by theoretic analysis. For ditching discs, the diameter was 350mm, the angle between ditching discs at the place of cluster point was 60°, and the angle between ditching discs was 10°. As indicated in the static experiment of machine, the CV of uniformity of fertilizer discharge was 2.29%. Results showed that fertilizer feeders had good stability for fertilizer discharge. Furthermore, in order to test the performance of the whole fertilizing device, field experiment was conducted. Results showed that the mean horizontal and vertical spacing between fertilizer and potato seeds were 51.2mm and 63.5mm, respectively, which can be confirmed that the overall fertilization performance of the fertilizing device met the agronomic requirements.

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劉文政,何進(jìn),李洪文,魏忠彩,張振國,李學(xué)強.馬鈴薯微型種薯種植機雙側(cè)位深施肥裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2020,51(1):56-65. LIU Wenzheng, HE Jin, LI Hongwen, WEI Zhongcai, ZHANG Zhenguo, LI Xueqiang. Design and Experiment of Double-side Deep Fertilizing Device for Potato Micro-seed Planter[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(1):56-65.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-08-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-01-10
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