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水稻秸稈全量深埋還田機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018YFD0300105-4、2016YFD0300909-04)


Design and Experiment on Machine for Rice Straw Full Quantity Deep Buried into Field
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)水稻秸稈全量深埋還田機(jī)作業(yè)時(shí)刀輥前方壅土問(wèn)題,結(jié)合水稻秸稈全量深埋還田機(jī)作業(yè)過(guò)程,分析作業(yè)過(guò)程中刀輥前方壅土原因,通過(guò)運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)及動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,建立在加速階段及拋運(yùn)階段土壤顆粒與還田刀間相對(duì)位移模型及在空轉(zhuǎn)階段土壤顆粒運(yùn)動(dòng)模型,利用Matlab對(duì)已建立模型求解,確定還田刀的彎折線角為55°、刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速為190r/min、還田刀彎折角為77°、還田刀寬度為80mm,并對(duì)整機(jī)進(jìn)行配置。以前進(jìn)速度、留茬高度、離地間隙作為影響因素,以還田率、碎土率、地面平整度及耕深作為響應(yīng)指標(biāo),設(shè)計(jì)田間試驗(yàn),并在相對(duì)潮濕、粘重的土壤環(huán)境下進(jìn)行適應(yīng)性試驗(yàn)。田間試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:水稻秸稈全量深埋還田機(jī)可在牽引功率66kW、留茬高度不大于260mm、作業(yè)速度不大于3km/h的作業(yè)條件下完成作業(yè),還田率達(dá)到85%,碎土率與地面平整度均達(dá)到95%,前方壅土現(xiàn)象得到明顯減輕,且能在相對(duì)潮濕、粘重的土壤環(huán)境下進(jìn)行作業(yè),各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均優(yōu)于農(nóng)藝要求,證明了機(jī)具的適用性。

    Abstract:

    Aiming to prevent the backfilling of soil in front of the machine due to the reverse-rotary during straw deep buried into field. The rice straw full quantity deep buried and returned machine was designed, combined with the operation process of rice straw deep buried into the field. By analyzing the process of reverse-rotary operation, the reason of soil backfilling in front of the machine was explored and the mathematical model of relative position between soil and cutting tool in each stage of machine work were established and the mathematical model was established by Matlab, the angle of bending line was defined as 55°, the rotation speed of the cutter roller was defined as 190r/min, the bending angle was defined as 77° and the width of the cutting tool was defined as 80mm. At the same time, the arrangement of the cutting tool was designed. The completed machine configuration field tests showed that the machine could complete the operation under different operating environments with stubble height less than 260mm and operating speed less than 3km/h, the problem of soil backfilling in front of the machine was solved and the returning rate could be reached more than 85%, soil fragmentation rate and ground flatness could be reached more than 95%. All the indexes could meet the technical requirements and the adaptability test was carried out under the relatively wet and sticky working environment. All the indexes were higher than the agricultural requirements, which proved the applicability of the machine and tools.

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王金峰,陳博聞,姜巖,朱敏,夏俊芳,王金武.水稻秸稈全量深埋還田機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(1):84-93. WANG Jinfeng, CHEN Bowen, JIANG Yan, ZHU Min, XIA Junfang, WANG Jinwu. Design and Experiment on Machine for Rice Straw Full Quantity Deep Buried into Field[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(1):84-93.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-09-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-01-10
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