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蚯蚓堆制花生殼的微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)特征研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(31872178)


Characterization of Microbial Community Structure of Vermicomposting in Peanut Shells
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)花生殼因木質(zhì)素含量高而限制其利用的問(wèn)題,選擇添加赤子愛(ài)勝蚓堆制花生殼。試驗(yàn)處理分為接種蚯蚓組和未接種蚯蚓的對(duì)照組,堆制處理48d。初始混合底物的碳氮比約為37.00,第48天時(shí),蚯蚓處理組物料的碳氮比低于15.00,而對(duì)照組則為23.17,表明蚯蚓加速了花生殼的分解。試驗(yàn)結(jié)束時(shí),赤子愛(ài)勝蚓的死亡率為19%。在蚯蚓堆制過(guò)程中,觀(guān)察到蚓繭和幼蚓,表明蚯蚓能夠逐步適應(yīng)高木質(zhì)素含量的花生殼。初始底物中真菌的Shannon-Wiener指數(shù)為1.33,堆制結(jié)束時(shí),蚯蚓處理組和對(duì)照組的Shannon-Wiener指數(shù)分別為2.59和1.66,表明蚯蚓的存在增加了真菌的多樣性。蚯蚓處理組中Rhodococcus、Arthrobacter、unclassified_f_Peptostreptococcaceae、Sporosarcina、Cercophora、unclassified_c_Dothideomycetes、Preussia和unclassified_f_Lasiosphaeriaceae 的相對(duì)豐度顯著增加。

    Abstract:

    The ever-increasing worldwide production of peanuts has led to a large accumulation of shells. The usage of these residues has been limited due to their high lignin content. Vermicomposting was used to stabilize the peanut shells (PS). Chopped PS was mixed with cow dung at a ratio of 60:40 (on a dry weight basis). Eisenia fetida was selected. The experiment was classified into two treatments: the control, which contained 1000g of the mixed substrates without earthworms, and the treatment with earthworms, which contained the mixed substrates and 120 individuals of Eisenia fetida. The duration of the experiment was 48 days. The C/N ratio of the initial substrate was approximately 37.00. The C/N ratio in the treatment with earthworms was less than 15.00 on day 48, whereas it was 23.17 in the control. This suggested that earthworms stimulated the decomposition of shells. The mortality rate of Eisenia fetida was 19% by the end of the experiment. Cocoons and juvenile earthworms were observed during vermicomposting, indicating that the earthworms adapted to the high lignin content of the shells. The Shannon-Wiener index of fungi in the initial mixed material was 1.33. By the end of the vermicomposting, the values were 2.59 and 1.66 in the treatment with earthworms and in the control, respectively. This indicated that the diversity of fungi was promoted by the presence of earthworms. A significant increase in the abundance of Rhodococcus, Arthrobacter, unclassified_f_Peptostreptococcaceae, Sporosarcina, Cercophora, unclassified_c_Dothideomycetes, Preussia and unclassified_f_Lasiosphaeriaceae in the treatment with earthworms was observed.

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陳玉香,姚月,趙婷婷,杜召振,徐立新.蚯蚓堆制花生殼的微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)特征研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(1):303-312. CHEN Yuxiang, YAO Yue, ZHAO Tingting, DU Zhaozhen, XU Lixin. Characterization of Microbial Community Structure of Vermicomposting in Peanut Shells[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(1):303-312.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-06-13
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2020-01-10
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