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五軸加工刀觸點(diǎn)路徑非線性誤差補(bǔ)償與修復(fù)方法
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金青年基金項(xiàng)目(51905377)


Method on Compensation and Correction of CC Path Nonlinear Error for Five-axis Machining
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    摘要:

    自由曲面五軸加工時(shí),兩個(gè)旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)參與線性插補(bǔ)會(huì)引起刀具與曲面的實(shí)際切觸點(diǎn)(刀觸點(diǎn))偏離預(yù)設(shè)的刀觸點(diǎn)線性軌跡,形成刀觸點(diǎn)路徑的非線性誤差。為有效降低該誤差,提出一種基于理想刀觸點(diǎn)路徑的非線性誤差補(bǔ)償與修復(fù)方法。通過(guò)分析刀具姿態(tài)變化引起刀觸點(diǎn)路徑非線性誤差的產(chǎn)生機(jī)制,分別建立機(jī)床運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)變換模型和刀觸點(diǎn)路徑的非線性誤差模型,根據(jù)當(dāng)前插補(bǔ)刀心點(diǎn)求出與之相應(yīng)的插補(bǔ)刀觸點(diǎn),再求出插補(bǔ)刀觸點(diǎn)與刀觸點(diǎn)路徑間的空間距離和垂足位置坐標(biāo),進(jìn)而分別確定非線性誤差的補(bǔ)償距離和方向,對(duì)插補(bǔ)刀心點(diǎn)的位置進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)修復(fù)后,再完成對(duì)5個(gè)進(jìn)給軸的伺服控制。仿真結(jié)果表明,該方法能有效降低刀觸點(diǎn)路徑的非線性誤差,對(duì)提高五軸線性插補(bǔ)時(shí)刀觸點(diǎn)軌跡的控制精度具有實(shí)用價(jià)值。

    Abstract:

    While five-axis machining for the freeform surface, deviation is easily produced between the cutter contacting (CC) points and the given linear CC path because of the two rotation coordinates participating in the linear interpolation process, and the nonlinear error of the CC path is simultaneously formed. In order to effectively reduce the error, a nonlinear error compensation and correction method based on the ideal CC path was proposed. By analyzing the mechanism of the nonlinear error of CC path caused by the cutter’s attitude being changed, the machine tool kinematics transformation model and the model of the CC path nonlinear error were established respectively. The CC point was obtained firstly according to the current interpolation cutter center point. Secondly, the foot point coordinate and the spatial distance between the CC point and the CC path were calculated. The third step was to determine the compensation distance and direction of the nonlinear error respectively. After the position of the tool center point being real-time corrected, the servo control of the five feed axes would be carried out. The simulation results showed that the method can effectively reduce the nonlinear error of the CC path and had practical value for improving the control accuracy of the CC point trajectory during five-axis linear interpolation.

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陳良驥,王中州,睢英照,魏廣西.五軸加工刀觸點(diǎn)路徑非線性誤差補(bǔ)償與修復(fù)方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(1):410-416. CHEN Liangji, WANG Zhongzhou, SUI Yingzhao, WEI Guangxi. Method on Compensation and Correction of CC Path Nonlinear Error for Five-axis Machining[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(1):410-416.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-06-05
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-01-10
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