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巡檢機(jī)器人獲取柑橘樹(shù)上果實(shí)完整表面信息方法研究
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重慶市基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)與前沿技術(shù)研究一般項(xiàng)目(cstc2016jcyjA0444)和重慶市基礎(chǔ)研究與前沿探索一般項(xiàng)目(cstc2018jcyAX0071)


Method of Getting Complete Surface Information of Citrus by Inspection Robot
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    摘要:

    為監(jiān)控柑橘的生長(zhǎng)情況,提出了一種通過(guò)巡檢機(jī)器人獲取單個(gè)柑橘果實(shí)完整表面信息的方法。使用LabelMe為標(biāo)記工具,采用類圓形和類長(zhǎng)方形分別對(duì)柑橘果實(shí)和分段枝干進(jìn)行標(biāo)記,再使用Mask R-CNN模型對(duì)其進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練與識(shí)別,可從Kinect V2相機(jī)拍攝的含有深度信息的圖像中提取出柑橘果實(shí)及分段枝干的三維信息。根據(jù)柑橘果實(shí)生長(zhǎng)情況及發(fā)生病蟲(chóng)害情況,〖JP2〗對(duì)柑橘果實(shí)表面進(jìn)行區(qū)域化劃分,并采取積分制描述其表面信息獲取率。通過(guò)機(jī)械臂末端連接的CCD相機(jī)對(duì)柑橘果實(shí)進(jìn)行表面信息獲取,提出了獲取柑橘完整表面信息的3種機(jī)械臂拍攝方案。搭建了巡檢機(jī)器人實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),在機(jī)器人操作系統(tǒng)(Robot operating system,ROS)下進(jìn)行了仿真,提出實(shí)驗(yàn)室環(huán)境下柑橘表面信息的獲取流程,并在實(shí)驗(yàn)室環(huán)境下對(duì)巡檢機(jī)器人獲取柑橘完整表面信息進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,柑橘果實(shí)的橫縱徑比越接近1,拍攝所獲取的柑橘外表面信息越完整,當(dāng)采用3個(gè)拍攝位姿的拍攝方案時(shí),在保證獲取柑橘表面完整率的同時(shí)可以獲得較高的避障成功率和工作效率,柑橘表面信息獲取率可達(dá)94.21%,〖JP3〗機(jī)械臂平均運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間為86.57s。本研究為農(nóng)業(yè)巡檢機(jī)器人獲取柑橘表面情況、監(jiān)控柑橘生長(zhǎng)及病蟲(chóng)害信息提供了方法。

    Abstract:

    In order to monitor the growth of citrus, a method to obtain the complete surface information of single citrus fruit by inspection robot was proposed. LabelMe was used as a tool to mark citrus fruits and segmented branches and trunks, and the model of Mask R-CNN was used to train and recognize them. The 3D information of citrus fruits and segmented branches and trunks can be extracted from the images with depth information taken by Kinect V2 camera. According to the growth of citrus fruit and the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, the surface of citrus fruit was divided into regions, and integrated system was used to describe the information acquisition rate. The CCD camera connected to the end of the manipulator was used to acquire the surface information of the citrus fruit. Three positions of the manipulator were proposed to obtain the complete surface information of the citrus fruit. A prototype inspection robot was built and simulated under the robot operating system (ROS). The process of citrus surface information acquisition in the laboratory environment was proposed. In the laboratory environment, the complete surface information of citrus was obtained by the inspection robot. The experimental results showed that the closer the ratio of horizontal to vertical stems of citrus fruit was to 1, the more complete the outer surface information obtained by photographing was. When the photographing mode of three photographing positions was used, the higher the success rate and work efficiency of avoiding obstacles can be ensured while the citrus surface integrity rate was obtained. The citrus surface information acquisition rate can reach 94.21%, and the average movement time of the manipulator was 86.57s. The research result provided a method for human to get the surface condition of citrus, monitor the growth of citrus and control the diseases and insect pests.

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王毅,何宇,王愷,熊龍燁,王卓,張藝譚.巡檢機(jī)器人獲取柑橘樹(shù)上果實(shí)完整表面信息方法研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(4):232-240. WANG Yi, HE Yu, WANG Kai, XIONG Longye, WANG Zhuo, ZHANG Yitan. Method of Getting Complete Surface Information of Citrus by Inspection Robot[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(4):232-240.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-08-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-04-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-04-10
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