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東北地區(qū)春玉米作物系數(shù)時空分布特征研究
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(201303125)


Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Spring Maize Coefficients in Northeast China
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    摘要:

    基于東北地區(qū)1951—2018年107個氣象站點的氣象資料和春玉米觀測資料,利用不同作物系數(shù)修正公式,對作物系數(shù)模型計算的春玉米作物系數(shù)進(jìn)行了驗證,并利用空間插值法對全生育期及各生長階段作物系數(shù)年際變化趨勢和空間分布特征進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明:考慮風(fēng)速、濕度影響的單作物系數(shù)法對春玉米生育初期作物系數(shù)的模擬效果最好(R2=0.65)。東北地區(qū)全生育期春玉米作物系數(shù)在0.756~0.815范圍內(nèi)變化,在空間分布上,高值區(qū)主要分布在東北地區(qū)西部,低值區(qū)主要分布于黑龍江省北部的局部地區(qū)和遼寧省的東南部。不同生育階段的作物系數(shù),在生育中期最大,快速生長期次之,生育初期和末期總體較小。近70年東北地區(qū)春玉米全生育期作物系數(shù)年際變化呈顯著下降趨勢(R2=0.38),作物系數(shù)傾向率達(dá)到-0.004/(10a)。在各個生育階段,作物系數(shù)年際變化均呈下降趨勢,黑龍江省下降最為明顯,吉林省和內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)東部次之,遼寧省變化不明顯。東北地區(qū)絕大部分站點作物系數(shù)基本呈下降趨勢,呈下降趨勢和顯著下降趨勢的站點占比分別達(dá)到92.5%、64.5%。就不同生育階段而言,快速生長期下降趨勢最為明顯(呈顯著下降趨勢站點占比為46.7%);在生育中期及末期,下降趨勢也較為明顯(呈顯著下降趨勢站點占比分別為41.1%和34.6%),在生育初期下降趨勢不顯著。

    Abstract:

    Crop coefficient is an important parameter for estimating the change of water demand in crop growing season. Based on the meteorological and spring maize observations of 107 meteorological stations in the Northeast China from 1951 to 2018, the spring maize coefficients calculated by the model of crop coefficients were validated by using different crop coefficient correction formulas. The interannual variation trends and spatial distribution characteristics of crop coefficients during the whole period and each growth stage were analyzed by using spatial interpolation. The results showed that the single crop coefficient method considering the influence of wind speed and humidity had the best effect on the simulation of crop coefficient in the early stage of spring maize (R2=0.65). The coefficient of spring maize crops in the full growth period in the Northeast China was varied from 0.756 to 0.815. The spatial distribution of highvalue areas was mainly distributed in the western part of Northeast China, and the lowvalue areas were mainly distributed in the northern part of Heilongjiang Province and the southeastern part of Liaoning Province. Crop coefficients at different fertility stages were the largest in the middle of fertility, followed by the rapid growth period, and the early and late stages of childbearing were generally small. In the past 70 years, the interannual variation of crop coefficient of spring maize in the Northeast China showed a significant downward trend (R2=0.38), and the tendency rate of crop coefficient reached -0.004/(10a). In each reproductive period, the interannual changes of Kc showed a declining trend, Heilongjiang Province had the most obvious decline, followed by Jilin Province and eastern part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, changes of Liaoning Province were not obvious. The crop coefficient of most stations in Northeast China showed a decreasing trend, the decreasing trend and the significant decreasing trend accounted for 92.5% and 64.5% respectively. In different growth stages, the decline trend was the most obvious (46.7% in the rapid growth stage), and in the middle and late growth stage (41.1% and 34.6% respectively), the trend of change was not significant at the early stage of birth.

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李波,景竹然,魏新光,孫君,付詩寧,葛東.東北地區(qū)春玉米作物系數(shù)時空分布特征研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2020,51(4):279-290. LI Bo, JING Zhuran, WEI Xinguang, SUN Jun, FU Shining, GE Dong. Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Spring Maize Coefficients in Northeast China[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(4):279-290.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-08-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-04-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-04-10
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