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油菜旋耕移栽聯(lián)合作業(yè)機(jī)穴距電液比例控制系統(tǒng)研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51575284)、國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0700804)、江蘇省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(SBE2018310260)和現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(CARS-13)


Electro-hydraulic Proportional Control System of Hole Distance for Rape Seedling Rotary Tillage Combined Transplanter
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    摘要:

    油菜旋耕移栽聯(lián)合作業(yè)機(jī)以拖拉機(jī)為動(dòng)力,由于拖拉機(jī)動(dòng)力輸出為定值,故栽植速度不能隨拖拉機(jī)前進(jìn)速度而變化,導(dǎo)致栽植穴距不穩(wěn)定。針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)了穴距控制系統(tǒng),以STM32為主控制器,通過(guò)地輪測(cè)速編碼器檢測(cè)前進(jìn)速度,通過(guò)電液比例液壓系統(tǒng)實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)節(jié)驅(qū)動(dòng)栽植系統(tǒng)的液壓馬達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)速,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)栽植速度與前進(jìn)速度的實(shí)時(shí)匹配。穴距控制系統(tǒng)臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)表明:液壓馬達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)速與地輪轉(zhuǎn)速變化趨勢(shì)一致,滯后時(shí)間在600ms內(nèi),左右兩個(gè)移栽單元的液壓馬達(dá)同步性好,轉(zhuǎn)速平均誤差為0.7%。將穴距電液控制系統(tǒng)安裝于油菜旋耕移栽聯(lián)合作業(yè)機(jī)上,并進(jìn)行了整機(jī)田間試驗(yàn),4種理論穴距(150、160、170、180mm)、4種作業(yè)速度(2、3、4、5km/h)的對(duì)比試驗(yàn)表明:穴距穩(wěn)定性好,理論穴距、作業(yè)速度均對(duì)穴距一致性變異系數(shù)影響顯著,其中理論穴距影響最顯著,在穴距160mm和4種作業(yè)速度下,穴距一致性變異系數(shù)均能保持較小值,說(shuō)明160mm為最佳穴距。

    Abstract:

    The rape rotary tillage combined transplanter takes the tractor as power. As the PTO of tractor is fixed value, the planting speed of rape combined transplanter cannot change with the forward speed of tractor, which leads to the instability of the planting hole distance. A hole distance control system was designed, which was based on STM32 controller. The forward speed of tractor was detected by a ground wheel speed encoder. The speed of the hydraulic drive motor was adjusted by the electric proportional hydraulic system in real time. Generally, the real time matching of planting speed and forward speed was realized. The bench test of hole distance control system was developed. The test result showed that the hydraulic motor speed was consistent with the change trend of ground wheel speed, and the delay time was within 600ms. Moreover, the hydraulic drive motor of the left and right two transplanting units had excellent synchronization, and the average speed error was 0.7%. The electrohydraulic control system of hole distance was installed on the rape combined transplanter. Comparative field tests were conducted for four theoretical hole distances (150mm,160mm,170mm,180mm) and four operating speeds (2km/h, 3km/h, 4km/h and 5km/h). The test result indicated that the transplanter had terrific hole distance stability. The primary and secondary factors affecting the consistency coefficient of variation were theoretical hole distance and forward speed. Theoretical hole distance had the most significant effect on the consistency of hole distance. When the hole distance was 160mm, the consistency coefficient of variation of hole distance at different forward speed can keep a small value, which indicated that the hole distance of 160mm was the most ideal hole distance. 

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湯慶,吳崇友,吳俊,秦超,蔣蘭,王剛.油菜旋耕移栽聯(lián)合作業(yè)機(jī)穴距電液比例控制系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(10):61-68. TANG Qing, WU Chongyou, WU Jun, QIN Chao, JIANG Lan, WANG Gang. Electro-hydraulic Proportional Control System of Hole Distance for Rape Seedling Rotary Tillage Combined Transplanter[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(10):61-68.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-06-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-10-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-10-10