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玉米行間滾輪式穴施排肥器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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安徽省高校協(xié)同創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(GXXT-2019-036)和安徽省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(1908085MC91)


Design and Experiment of Roller Hole Fertilizer Application between Corn Rows
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)玉米在大喇叭口時(shí)期追肥機(jī)械化水平低的問題,結(jié)合黃淮海地區(qū)玉米播種行距、株距的農(nóng)藝要求,設(shè)計(jì)了一種滾輪式穴施排肥器。為滿足穴施排肥器穩(wěn)定深施要求,基于Abaqus建立成穴器動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,對(duì)穴施排肥器進(jìn)行成穴性能和扎穴壓力分析,利用分析結(jié)果對(duì)液壓系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)選型;根據(jù)穴施排肥器排肥穩(wěn)定性要求,應(yīng)用EDEM建立機(jī)具-土壤-肥料離散元模型,進(jìn)行3種作業(yè)速度下的拋土特性和穴施量分析,得出當(dāng)滾輪式穴施排肥器作業(yè)速度為1.5m/s時(shí),排肥效果最佳。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:該排肥器以速度1.5m/s作業(yè)時(shí),平均穴排肥量為9.01g,穴施肥量偏差為11.2%,施肥均勻性變異系數(shù)為4.17%;施肥深度合格率92%,施肥深度變異系數(shù)6.57%,符合設(shè)計(jì)要求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of low mechanization level of topdressing, high hardness of soil and fertilizer utilization in the period of large bell mouth of corn, on the basis of the agricultural requirements of row spacing and plant spacing of corn in the Huang-Huai-Hai area, a roller type hole fertilization device was designed. In order to meet the requirements of stable and deep application of hole fertilizer applicator, the dynamic model of the fertilizer applicator was established based on Abaqus, and the hole forming performance and hole pressure of hole fertilizer applicator were analyzed,the analysis results were used to design and select the hydraulic system. According to the requirement of stable performance of hole fertilizer applicator, a discrete element model of machine-soil-fertilizer was established by using EDEM, and its soil throwing characteristics and hole application amount were analyzed at three operating speeds. When the operating speed of roller hole fertilization device was 1.5m/s, the effect of fertilizer discharge was the best. The results of experiment showed that the average hole discharge was 9.01g, the deviation of fertilizer output was 11.2%, the coefficient of variation of fertilization uniformity was 4.17%;the qualified rate of fertilization depth was 92%, and the coefficient of variation was 6.75%, which conformed to the design requirements. The research result provided a method for solving the design of corn topdressing machinery.

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萬玲,謝東波,李楊,陳黎卿.玉米行間滾輪式穴施排肥器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(11):64-73. WAN Ling, XIE Dongbo, LI Yang, CHEN Liqing. Design and Experiment of Roller Hole Fertilizer Application between Corn Rows[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(11):64-73.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-01-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-11-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-11-25
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