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脈沖式煙霧水霧機熱力霧化水劑農藥效果分析
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江蘇省農業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新資金項目(CX(19)3077)、國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2018YFD0600202)、江蘇高?!扒嗨{工程”項目和江蘇省重點建設學科“林學”項目


Analysis on Atomization Effect of Thermal Atomization Pesticide for Pulsed Smoker/Fogger
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    摘要:

    針對脈沖式煙霧水霧機在噴施水霧劑農藥時常出現(xiàn)滴液、流液或較大霧滴群等霧化不良現(xiàn)象,通過改裝6HYW-60S型脈沖式煙霧水霧機,將藥液流量設置成可調的測試裝置,設定5個油門開度及4個藥液流量,測試了脈沖發(fā)動機噴藥前后的氣流速度、溫度及各噴藥工況下的霧滴粒徑分布。結果表明,在最小的油門啟動開度到最大的油門工作開度可調范圍內,對應的脈沖發(fā)動機燃油消耗率變化范圍較小(相對變化13.0%),噴管內對應的氣流溫度與速度也發(fā)生同等程度的變化。噴藥時,噴管口處的氣流溫度與速度發(fā)生明顯變化,由不噴藥時約700℃的高溫氣流下降為75℃左右的霧滴流,相應的氣流速度下降了16%左右;油門開度及藥液流量對霧滴流溫度的影響非常小,但對霧滴流速度的影響非常明顯,油門開度增大,霧滴流速度明顯增加,藥液流量增大,霧滴流速度明顯下降。在各油門開度下,對最小藥液流量20L/h的霧化效果均不佳,尤其距噴霧出口較近處存在大量的300μm以上的較大霧滴,這些大霧滴極易跌落至地面,無法有效噴施到目標物上;藥液流量增大至40L/h及以上時,各油門開度下的霧滴體積中徑均較小,同一工況下各位置點的平均值不超過60μm。熱力霧化的霧滴粒徑分布曲線不是單一峰值的正態(tài)分布形態(tài),常會出現(xiàn)不同中心霧滴粒徑的霧滴群,且這些霧滴群的中心霧滴粒徑基本保持一致。從噴霧出口噴出的霧滴流中,噴管中心軸線上的霧滴細小均勻、霧化充分,中心軸線上方的霧滴一般比中心點處稍大,中心軸線下方霧滴明顯增大,且距中心軸線越遠的下方,霧滴增大越明顯,即霧滴流中較大霧滴群的量逐漸增加。以藥液流量60L/h及油門開度90°為最佳霧化工況,在整個噴施區(qū)域內均形成了良好的霧化效果。

    Abstract:

    In view of the several poor atomization phenomena, such as drops, flowing liquid or larger fog group in the application of the pulsed smoker/fogger to spray pesticide, the 6HYW-60S pulsed smoker/fogger machine was improved to set the liquid medicine flow into an adjustable test device, with five throttle openings and four liquid flux. The air flow velocity and temperature before and after injection of pulse engine, as well as the droplet size distribution under each spraying condition were tested. The results showed that from the minimum throttle opening to the maximum throttle opening adjustable range, the corresponding pulse engine fuel consumption rate was changed in a small range, only causing a 13.0% relative change. The corresponding air temperature and speed in the nozzle was also changed to the same extent. When spraying, the temperature and velocity of the air flow at the nozzle had a very obvious change. The high temperature air flow of more than 700℃ without spraying fell to about 75℃, and the corresponding velocity of the air flow was decreased by about 16%. The opening of the throttle and the flow of liquid had little effect on the temperature, but the influence on the velocity of the droplet flow was very obvious. When the throttle opening was increased, the velocity of droplet flow was obviously increased, the liquid flux was increased, and the velocity of droplet flow was obviously decreased. Under the different throttle openings, the atomization effect of the minimum liquid flow rate of 20L/h was not good, especially in the vicinity of the tailpipe exit, there were a large number of droplets larger than 300μm. These droplets were easy to fall to the ground and cannot be effectively applied to the target. When the liquid flow rate was increased to 40L/h and above, the droplet volume diameter of each droplet was smaller and the average value of each position under the same working condition was less than 60μm. The droplet size distribution of thermal atomization was not a normal distribution with single peak value, and there were different droplet size groups, and the central droplet size of droplet groups was basically the same. The droplets on the central axis of the nozzle were fine and even atomized. The droplets on the central axis were slightly larger than those at the center point, but the droplets on the bottom of the nozzle was increased significantly. The farther the distance from the center axis was, the more obvious the droplets was increased, that was, the amount of larger fog droplets in the droplet stream was gradually increased. The flow rate of 60L/h and the throttle opening of 90° was the best atomization condition, and a good atomization effect was formed in the whole spraying area.

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汪東,陳青,許林云,周宏平,侯秀梅.脈沖式煙霧水霧機熱力霧化水劑農藥效果分析[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2020,51(11):113-122,130. WANG Dong, CHEN Qing, XU Linyun, ZHOU Hongping, HOU Xiumei. Analysis on Atomization Effect of Thermal Atomization Pesticide for Pulsed Smoker/Fogger[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(11):113-122,130.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-11-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-11-25
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