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基于LiDAR的對(duì)靶噴霧實(shí)時(shí)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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江蘇省基礎(chǔ)研究計(jì)劃-青年基金項(xiàng)目(BK20170930)、國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31901239)、國(guó)家林業(yè)局“948”項(xiàng)目(2015-4-56)和江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新資金項(xiàng)目(CX(18)1007)


Design and Experiment of Real-time Control System for Target Spraying Based on LiDAR
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)自動(dòng)對(duì)靶噴霧中延時(shí)噴霧問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)了實(shí)時(shí)控制對(duì)靶噴霧系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)以二維激光雷達(dá)(Laser detection and ranging,LiDAR)作為探測(cè)器,利用地速傳感器(True ground speed sensor,TGSS)獲取噴霧車(chē)實(shí)時(shí)速度,建立了自適應(yīng)延時(shí)噴霧模型,模型可不斷調(diào)整噴霧延時(shí)時(shí)間。自適應(yīng)延時(shí)噴霧模型包括延時(shí)存儲(chǔ)器和延時(shí)計(jì)數(shù)器。延時(shí)存儲(chǔ)器利用FIFO緩存區(qū)暫存噴霧指令;延時(shí)計(jì)數(shù)器指向延時(shí)存儲(chǔ)器地址,其利用當(dāng)前車(chē)速計(jì)算延時(shí)指數(shù),取出對(duì)應(yīng)延時(shí)存儲(chǔ)器地址的噴霧指令并發(fā)送給電磁閥控制器,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)靶噴霧。試驗(yàn)部分首先對(duì)系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)時(shí)間進(jìn)行分析,包括識(shí)別靶標(biāo)時(shí)間、計(jì)算噴霧指令時(shí)間、通信時(shí)間、電磁閥響應(yīng)時(shí)間,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)時(shí)間為160ms,延時(shí)存儲(chǔ)器共42個(gè)延時(shí)單元;其次通過(guò)Proteus仿真比較了單片機(jī)在采用M法、T法計(jì)算TGSS發(fā)出信號(hào)頻率的準(zhǔn)確性,結(jié)果表明M法更適合于本文所述測(cè)速系統(tǒng)的頻率計(jì)算;在TGSS安裝角確定后,噴霧車(chē)速度與方波信號(hào)的頻率成正比關(guān)系,通過(guò)擬合確定了比例系數(shù)0.0099,擬合優(yōu)度為0.9998;最后通過(guò)試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)的整體有效性,并測(cè)量了實(shí)時(shí)控制對(duì)靶噴霧系統(tǒng)的可識(shí)別最小間距,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,可識(shí)別的最小間距在80~180mm之間,系統(tǒng)可識(shí)別靶標(biāo)間距的能力隨著噴霧車(chē)速度的提升而降低,當(dāng)靶標(biāo)間距大于180mm時(shí),系統(tǒng)均可有效識(shí)別靶標(biāo)。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem of delayed spray in automatic target spraying, a real-time control target spray system was designed. The system took the laser detection and ranging (LiDAR) as the detector and the real-time speed of the spray vehicle was obtained by using the true ground speed sensor (TGSS), and a delayed spray model was established, which continuously adjusted the spray delay time. The delay spray model included delay memory and delay counter. The delay memory used the FIFO buffer to store the spray instruction temporarily. The delay counter was pointed to the delay memory address, which used the current vehicle speed to calculate the delay index. The delay counter took out the spray instruction corresponding to the delay memory address and sent it to the solenoid valve controller to realize the target spray. The response time of the system was firstly analyzed in the experimental part, including identifying target time, calculating the spray command time, communication time and the response time of the solenoid valve. The experimental results showed that the system response time was 160ms and the delay memory had 42 delay units. Secondly, the accuracy of the MCU in calculating the frequency of the TGSS signal was compared by using the M method and T method with the Proteus simulation. Experimental results showed that the M method was more suitable for the frequency calculation of the described speed measurement system. Then, the speed of the spray vehicle was proportional to the frequency of the square wave signal after the installation angle of TGSS was determined. The proportional coefficient was determined to be 0.0099 through fitting. The r-squared of linear fitting of speed and frequency was 0.9998. Finally, the experiment verified the overall effectiveness of the real-time control to the target spray system and measured the minimum recognizable spacing of the real-time control to the target spray system. The experimental results showed that the minimum recognizable spacing was between 80mm and 180mm, the ability of the system to recognize the target spacing was decreased with the increase of the speed of the spray vehicle, when the target spacing was greater than 180mm, the system can identify targets effectively.

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袁鵬成,李秋潔,鄧賢,周宏平,茹煜,周夢(mèng)飛.基于LiDAR的對(duì)靶噴霧實(shí)時(shí)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(s1):273-280. YUAN Pengcheng, LI Qiujie, DENG Xian, ZHOU Hongping, RU Yu, ZHOU Mengfei. Design and Experiment of Real-time Control System for Target Spraying Based on LiDAR[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(s1):273-280.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-07-31
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2020-11-10
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