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蘆竹青貯特性及其對厭氧消化性能的影響研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51608523)和山東省煙臺市校地融合項目(2019XDRHXMQT36)


Ensilage Performance and Subsequent Anaerobic Digestion of Giant Reed
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    摘要:

    青貯是一種傳統(tǒng)的青綠飼料作物貯存方法,逐漸地被應(yīng)用于沼氣化原料的貯存。以能源作物蘆竹為原料,探討兩個不同時間收獲(早收、晚收)蘆竹在未添加尿素和尿素輔助青貯90d過程中的化學(xué)組分變化及其后續(xù)厭氧消化產(chǎn)甲烷性能。結(jié)果表明:早收蘆竹中水溶性碳水化合物(WSC)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為2.80%(干基),青貯干物質(zhì)(DM)損失率為8%,而尿素輔助使青貯DM損失降低了28.0%,木質(zhì)素降解率提高了101.3%,且后續(xù)厭氧消化累積甲烷產(chǎn)量提高了25.6%;晚收蘆竹中WSC質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為4.94%(干基),青貯與尿素輔助青貯的DM損失率均保持在1%左右,但尿素輔助使青貯90d過程中乳酸累積產(chǎn)量增加了237.5%,木質(zhì)素降解率提高了43.8%,厭氧消化累積甲烷產(chǎn)量提高了17.4%。因此,早收蘆竹WSC含量低而不利于青貯,尿素輔助能有效降低蘆竹青貯DM損失和提高后續(xù)產(chǎn)甲烷性能。

    Abstract:

    Ensilage is a traditional technology for green fodder crops storage, which is gradually used in the storage of raw materials for biogas production. The energy crop of giant reed harvested at two different times was used as material for ensilage and conducted for a period of 90 days. Changes in chemical composition and subsequent methane production of ensiled giant reed by anaerobic digestion were examined. The results showed that the difference in water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content of giant reed caused by harvest time was the main reason for the difference in performance of giant reed ensilage. The WSC content was 2.80% of dry matter (DM) for the giant reed of early harvest (end of August). There was no accumulation of lactic acid during ensilage of early-harvested giant reed, and also urea addition reduced the DM by 280% and significantly enhanced by 101.3% of lignin degradation during the whole ensilage. The WSC content achieved 4.94% DM for the giant reed of late harvest (early October), and the DM loss was about 1% during 90 days’ ensilage. The cumulative production of lactic acid was increased by 237.5%, and the lignin degradation was increased by 43.8% for late-harvested giant reed via urea-assisted ensilage. Compared with non-ensiled giant reed, the cumulative methane production of early-harvested and late-harvested giant reed via 90 days’ urea-assisted ensilage were increased by 25.6% and 17.4% during anaerobic digestion, respectively. Therefore, early harvest led to a low content of WSC and an undesirably ensilage, whereas urea-assisted treatment can effectively reduce the ensiled DM loss and improve the subsequent methane production of giant reed.

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柳珊,張紫嘉,郭建斌,董仁杰.蘆竹青貯特性及其對厭氧消化性能的影響研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2020,51(s1):421-428,449. LIU Shan, ZHANG Zijia, GUO Jianbin, DONG Renjie. Ensilage Performance and Subsequent Anaerobic Digestion of Giant Reed[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(s1):421-428,449.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-11-10
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