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融合光電色選的皮帶篩式油茶果殼籽分選機(jī)設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2018YFC1603500)、贛南油茶產(chǎn)業(yè)開發(fā)協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心PI項目(YP201606)和國家自然科學(xué)基金面上項目(31772062)


Design and Experiment of Belt Screen Seed Sorter for Camellia oleifera Fused with Photoelectric Color Sorting Technology
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    摘要:

    針對油茶果批量脫殼后殼籽混雜、人力分選效率低的問題,研究設(shè)計了一種融合光電色選的皮帶篩式油茶果殼籽分選機(jī)。根據(jù)油茶果殼、籽與傾斜傳送帶間摩擦角、碰撞系數(shù)的差異,設(shè)計振動皮帶篩進(jìn)行初分選;利用兩者灰度差異,對殼中殘留籽進(jìn)行二次光電分選。對皮帶篩上油茶果殼、籽進(jìn)行運動學(xué)與動力學(xué)分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)皮帶傾角、皮帶速度和振動頻率是影響振動初分選率的主要因素;以籽箱清潔率、殼中含籽率為試驗指標(biāo),開展正交旋轉(zhuǎn)組合試驗。當(dāng)皮帶傾角為19°、皮帶速度為1.50m/s、振動頻率為55.40Hz時,其籽箱清潔率為95.52%、殼中含籽率為24.30%,對最優(yōu)參數(shù)進(jìn)行試驗驗證,優(yōu)化結(jié)果可靠。對不同茶籽比率的物料進(jìn)行光電分選試驗,結(jié)果表明籽箱清潔率穩(wěn)定在98.23%左右,殼中含籽率保持在2.34%左右,說明光電分選可準(zhǔn)確識別并分選出混雜物料中的油茶籽。對整機(jī)進(jìn)行最優(yōu)參數(shù)試驗驗證,該機(jī)兩籽箱茶籽平均清潔率可達(dá)97.55%,殼箱中含籽率為3.27%。試驗結(jié)果表明,此油茶果殼籽分選機(jī)可實現(xiàn)油茶果殼、籽的高效分離。

    Abstract:

    After batch of Camellia oleifera are peeled, the shells and seeds of Camellia oleifera are mixed together. In order to ensure the quality of camellia oil, clean seeds should be obtained. Currently, seeds are picked out manually, which is time-consuming and laborious with low efficiency. Therefore, a belt screen seed sorter for Camellia oleifera fused with photoelectric color sorting technology was designed. Firstly, according to the characteristic differences of Camellia oleifera shells and seeds in friction angle and collision coefficient, the vibrating belt screen was designed for initial separation. Secondly, the difference in gray value was used to carry out secondary photoelectric separation of residual seeds in the shell of after belt separation. Kinematics and dynamics analysis of Camellia oleifera shells and seeds on the belt screen showed that the main factors affecting the screening rate of the vibrating belt were belt inclination (A), belt speed (B) and vibration frequency (C). Based on the cleanliness rate of the seed and the ratio of seeds in shell, the orthogonal rotation combination test was carried out. When the belt inclination angle was 19°, the belt speed was 1.50m/s, and the vibration frequency was 55.40Hz, the index parameters of the seed box cleaning rate were 95.52% and the ratio of seeds in shell was 24.30%. The optimal parameters were tested and verified, and the results were reliable. The photoelectric sorting test for materials with different seed ratios showed that the cleanness rate of the seed was stable at 98.23%, and the ratio of seeds in shell remained at 2.34%, indicating that the photoelectric sorting can accurately identify and sort out the Camellia oleifera seeds. The optimal parameter test results of the whole machine showed that the average cleaning rate of Camellia oleifera seeds in the two seed boxes of machine and the ratio of seeds in shell was 97.55% and 3.27%, respectively. This belt screen seed sorter for Camellia oleifera based on photoelectric color separation realized the efficient separation of camellia hulls and seeds, laying a foundation for the subsequent improvement of the quality of camellia oil.

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鹿瑤,王偉,鐘斌,金奇,王博.融合光電色選的皮帶篩式油茶果殼籽分選機(jī)設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2020,51(s1):429-439. LU Yao, WANG Wei, ZHONG Bin, JIN Qi, WANG Bo. Design and Experiment of Belt Screen Seed Sorter for Camellia oleifera Fused with Photoelectric Color Sorting Technology[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(s1):429-439.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-11-10
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