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丘陵山地拖拉機電液懸掛仿形控制系統(tǒng)研究
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0700504)


Electro-hydraulic Hitch Terrain-adaptive Control System for Hillside Tractors
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    摘要:

    針對丘陵山地拖拉機作業(yè)地形復(fù)雜,傳統(tǒng)電液懸掛控制系統(tǒng)地形適應(yīng)性差的問題,設(shè)計了一套橫向姿態(tài)可調(diào)的丘陵山地拖拉機電液懸掛仿形控制系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)丘陵山地拖拉機仿形控制作業(yè)需求,在傳統(tǒng)懸掛結(jié)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ)上加裝一個液壓驅(qū)動旋轉(zhuǎn)裝置,設(shè)計了一種仿形懸掛機構(gòu),基于液壓多點動力輸出技術(shù)設(shè)計了帶有負載反饋的閉心式液壓控制系統(tǒng),并提出了一種基于帶死區(qū)的經(jīng)典PID算法的控制方法。通過對閥控非對稱液壓缸工作原理的分析,建立了其數(shù)學模型并推導(dǎo)出仿形控制系統(tǒng)的傳遞函數(shù),運用Matlab/Simulink建立了電液懸掛仿形控制系統(tǒng)的動力學模型并進行了仿真分析,仿真結(jié)果表明,系統(tǒng)在0°~11°階躍信號的作用下,調(diào)整時間約為0.4s,幾乎無超調(diào),系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定后農(nóng)機具橫向傾角約為11.1°,穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差約為0.1°,仿真結(jié)果驗證了該控制算法的有效性。通過對傳統(tǒng)拖拉機的液壓懸掛裝置進行改裝,將原來的手柄操縱式液壓懸掛裝置改裝成帶有虛擬終端的電液懸掛控制系統(tǒng),搭建了仿形控制試驗臺并進行了室內(nèi)臺架試驗,試驗結(jié)果表明,系統(tǒng)調(diào)整時間約為2.2s,幾乎無超調(diào),系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定后農(nóng)機具橫向傾角約為11.2°,穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差約為0.2°,在系統(tǒng)允許誤差(0.5°)范圍內(nèi),試驗結(jié)果驗證了所設(shè)計的丘陵山地拖拉機電液懸掛仿形控制系統(tǒng)調(diào)節(jié)的快速性與穩(wěn)定性,滿足拖拉機等高線坡地作業(yè)需求。

    Abstract:

    In view of the complex terrain and poor terrain adaptability of the traditional electro-hydraulic hitch control system, a set of terrain-adaptive control system for electro-hydraulic hitch of hillside tractors with adjustable lateral attitude was designed. According to the requirement of terrain-adaptive control operation of hillside tractors, a new type of terrain-adaptive hitch mechanism was designed by adding a hydraulic driving rotary device on the basis of traditional hitch structure. Based on hydraulic multi-point power output technology, a closed core hydraulic control system with load feedback was designed and a control method based on the classical PID algorithm with dead zone was proposed. Through the analysis of the working principle of the valve controlled asymmetric hydraulic cylinder, the mathematical model was established and the transfer function of the copy control system was derived. The dynamic model of the electro-hydraulic hitch terrain-adaptive control system was established by Matlab/Simulink and the simulation analysis was carried out. The simulation results showed that under the action of 0°~11°step signal, the adjustment time of the system was about 0.4s, with almost no overshot. After the system stabilized, the lateral inclination of agricultural implements was about 11.1°, and the steady-state error was about 0.1°, which verified the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm. The traditional tractor hydraulic hitch was modified by converting the original handle control hydraulic hitch into an electro-hydraulic hitch control system with a virtual terminal, and a copy control test bench was built and an indoor bench test was carried out. The test results showed that the adjustment time of the system was about 2.2s, with almost no oversetting. After the system was stabilized, the lateral inclination angle of agricultural implements was about 11.2°, and the steady state error was about 0.2°,which was within the range of 0.5°, allowed by the system. The test results verified that the designed electro-hydraulic mounted terrain-adaptive control system of the tractor can adjust quickly and stably and meet the requirements of contour slope operation of the tractor.

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范永奎,翟志強,朱忠祥,毛恩榮,王浩,陳一明.丘陵山地拖拉機電液懸掛仿形控制系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2020,51(s1):517-524. FAN Yongkui, ZHAI Zhiqiang, ZHU Zhongxiang, MAO Enrong, WANG Hao, CHEN Yiming. Electro-hydraulic Hitch Terrain-adaptive Control System for Hillside Tractors[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(s1):517-524.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-11-10
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