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基于柔性?shī)A持的青菜頭收獲機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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重慶市市級(jí)良種創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(NKY-2020AB003)和重慶市科研機(jī)構(gòu)績(jī)效激勵(lì)引導(dǎo)專項(xiàng)(cstc2019jxj100002)


Design and Experiment of Tumorous Stem Mustard Harvester Based on Flexible Gripping
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    摘要:

    為解決西南丘陵山地青菜頭機(jī)械化收獲問(wèn)題,結(jié)合青菜頭生物特性和農(nóng)藝要求,設(shè)計(jì)了一種具有柔性?shī)A持功能的小型青菜頭收獲機(jī)。闡述了整機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)與工作原理,并對(duì)樣機(jī)關(guān)鍵部件進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和理論分析,柔性?shī)A持裝置初始間隙為60mm,最大允許通過(guò)青菜頭直徑為150mm,分析得到夾持輸送帶速度為0.37m/s、所需最大夾持力為38.04N;對(duì)割臺(tái)架的仿地形能力和結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力特性進(jìn)行了分析,可得該結(jié)構(gòu)允許地形起伏度為50mm,在安裝割刀位置振幅最大,前5階固有頻率為115.63~783.60Hz,遠(yuǎn)大于發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和地形產(chǎn)生的激勵(lì)頻率,因此不會(huì)發(fā)生共振現(xiàn)象。田間試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,切割及夾持輸送機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)、振動(dòng)小、切割有力、夾持力度適中;切割成功率為89.5%,青菜頭損傷率為10.8%,實(shí)際工作效率為0.035hm2/h,各項(xiàng)性能指標(biāo)基本滿足設(shè)計(jì)和農(nóng)藝技術(shù)要求。

    Abstract:

    In solving the problem on the mechanized harvest of tumorous stem mustard in the southwest hills area and understanding the tumorous stem mustard biological characteristics and agronomic requirements, a small tumorous stem mustard harvester with flexible gripping function was developed. The structure and working principle of the whole machine were described and analyzed, also the parameters of the core parts of the machine were analyzed and determined theoretically, which got the adjustment clearance of the flexible gripping device was between 60mm and 150mm, the speed of the gripping conveyor belt was 0.37m/s, the maximum gripping force required was 38.04N. The terrain imitation capability and structural dynamic characteristics of the cutting bench were analyzed, the results showed that the allowed topographic relief was 50mm, the maximum amplitude was at the position of the mounting cutter, and the first fifth natural frequency was 115.63~783.60Hz which was much higher than the excitation frequency of the engine and the terrain, so there was no resonance effect. The field test results showed that the cutting and gripping conveying mechanism had stable operation which was with small vibration, powerful cutting and moderate gripping force. The success rate of cutting was 89.5%, the damage rate of tumorous stem mustard was 10.8%, and the actual working efficiency was 0.035hm2/h, which basically met the requirements of the design and agronomic techniques. The research achievement would provide an important reference for the mechanization of mustard industry. 

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張濤,李英,宋樹(shù)民,龐有倫,邵偉興,唐興隆.基于柔性?shī)A持的青菜頭收獲機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(s2):162-169,190. ZHANG Tao, LI Ying, SONG Shumin, PANG Youlun, SHAO Weixing, TANG Xinglong. Design and Experiment of Tumorous Stem Mustard Harvester Based on Flexible Gripping[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(s2):162-169,190.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-12-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-12-10
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