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搓壓式蓖麻脫殼機脫殼過程運動分析與試驗
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國家自然科學基金項目(51475312)


Motion Analysis and Experiment on Shelling Process of Kneading and Pressing Castor Shelling Machine
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    摘要:

    為優(yōu)化蓖麻蒴果柔性脫殼裝置的脫殼過程參數(shù),基于離散元粘結(jié)接觸理論,構(gòu)建蓖麻蒴果脫殼過程仿真模型,對物料在脫殼室內(nèi)運動過程進行分析。結(jié)果表明,當滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速為250r/min、脫殼間隙為7mm、填充率為40%時,脫殼率最高。滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速對顆粒受到的最大壓力和最大速度影響顯著,隨著轉(zhuǎn)速的增加,顆粒間最大擠壓力從68.78N減小到68.10N,顆粒最大速度從8.92m/s增加到12.99m/s,脫殼率從91.23%增加到91.28%,然后下粒最大壓力從76.93N下降到58.69N,顆粒最大速度先由12.14m/s增加至12.99m/s,后減小至10.05 m/s;脫殼率先由92.50%減小至89.59%,后增加至91.41%。蓖麻蒴果在脫殼過程中,顆粒在X軸方向運動的平均速度從4.17m/s減小到3.26m/s;顆粒在Y軸方向運動的平均速度從8.26m/s減小到7.59m/s;顆粒在Z軸方向運動的平均速度從6.58m/s減小到6.24m/s。開始脫殼階段,蓖麻蒴果集中分布在脫殼室中部,部分呈堆積現(xiàn)象,其運動軌跡為接觸內(nèi)滾筒后彈起一定高度后下落并隨內(nèi)滾筒轉(zhuǎn)動,向出料口方向運動;穩(wěn)定脫殼階段,蓖麻蒴果集中均勻分布在脫殼室出料口附近,并隨著內(nèi)滾筒一起轉(zhuǎn)動;脫殼結(jié)束階段,物料集中分布在脫殼室出料口底部位置,并不斷向底部位置移動,大部分蓖麻從脫殼室右側(cè)排出。通過仿真得到脫殼過程最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合為:轉(zhuǎn)速350r/min、脫殼間隙5mm、填充率40%。試驗結(jié)果為:轉(zhuǎn)速350r/min、脫殼間隙5mm、填充率30%,因3個因素中轉(zhuǎn)速和脫殼間隙為極顯著因素,填充率為顯著因素,故差異在合理范圍內(nèi)。

    Abstract:

    The motion law of castor capsule during shelling process is of great significance to the study of shelling damage. Based on the theory of bonding contact, a simulation model of castor shelling process was established to simulate the movement of castor capsule in the shelling drum. The results showed that in the process of castor shell peeling simulation, when the speed reached 8.50m/s, the capsule of castor just broke after collision with Q235 steel, and the inner seed was not damaged. Therefore, the speed at 8.50m/s was set as the target value. When the rotation speed was 250r/min, the shelling gap was 7mm, and the filling rate was 40%. In the single factor analysis, the influence of drum revolution on the maximum pressure and velocity of particles were significant. With the increase of revolution, the maximum pressure between particles was decreased from 68.78N to 68.10N. The maximum velocity of particles was increased from 8.92m/s to 12.99m/s, and the shelling rate was increased from 91.23% to 91.28%, and then it was decreased to 88.89%. The influence of shelling clearance on the maximum pressure and velocity of particles was followed: with the increase of shelling clearance, the maximum pressure between particles was decreased from 76.93N to 58.69N, the maximum velocity of particles was increased from 12.14m/s to 12.99m/s, and then decreased to 10.05m/s. Furthermore, the shelling rate was firstly decreased from 92.50% to 89.59%, and then increased to 91.41%. In the process of shelling, the average velocity of particles in Xaxis direction was decreased from 4.17m/s to 3.m/s to 7.59m/s;and the average velocity of particles in Zaxis direction was decreased from 6.58m/s to 6.24m/s. In the stage of initial shelling, the particles were concentrated in the middle of the shelling drum, and some castor seeds were accumulated. The castor capsules bounced up after touching the inner drum, fell down and rotated with the inner drum, and then moved toward the outlet. During the stable shelling stage, the castor was concentrated and evenly distributed near the outlet of the shelling drum, and rotated with the inner drum. At the end of the shelling stage, the particles were concentrated at the bottom of the shelling drum, and then moved to the bottom continuously. Most of the castor was discharged from the right side of the shelling chamber. Through simulation, the optimal parameter combination of the shelling process was obtained as follows: rotation speed was 350r/min, shelling clearance was 5mm, and the filling rate was 40%. The test results were as follows: rotation speed was 350r/min, shelling clearance was 5mm, and the filling rate was 30%. Since among the three factors, the rotation speed and shelling clearance were extremely significant factors, and the filling rate was significant factor, the difference was within a reasonable range. The study provided theoretical support for the design of castor shelling machine and its related components. 

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侯俊銘,姚恩超,李金澎,白晶波,楊勇,朱紅杰.搓壓式蓖麻脫殼機脫殼過程運動分析與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2020,51(s2):220-232. HOU Junming, YAO Enchao, LI Jinpeng, BAI Jingbo, YANG Yong, ZHU Hongjie. Motion Analysis and Experiment on Shelling Process of Kneading and Pressing Castor Shelling Machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(s2):220-232.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-12-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-12-10
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