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折腰轉(zhuǎn)向無人駕駛植保車控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項(xiàng)目(CARS-04-PS25)


Design and Test of Control System of Articulated Steering Unmanned Plant Protection Vehicle
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)黃淮海地區(qū)作物多樣,行距差異大,植保機(jī)械通用化低和智能程度低的問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種輪距和離地間隙可調(diào)的折腰轉(zhuǎn)向無人駕駛植保車。該植保車可使用遙控器遠(yuǎn)程控制,切換自動(dòng)模式后,可根據(jù)預(yù)定路線進(jìn)行路徑跟蹤,實(shí)現(xiàn)植保車的自主行走。對(duì)植保車自主行走模式建立運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型,確定了利用航向跟蹤實(shí)現(xiàn)路徑跟蹤策略,并通過Lyapunov函數(shù)分析了折腰轉(zhuǎn)向控制的穩(wěn)定性。提出了傳感器的擴(kuò)展卡爾曼濾波算法和驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)的PID控制方法。利用Matlab階躍響應(yīng)對(duì)自主行走控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仿真分析,結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)Kp=1、Ti=0.05、Td=0.01時(shí),系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)速度和精度能夠滿足自主植保車導(dǎo)航控制的需要。以作業(yè)平臺(tái)轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑、直線行走偏移為控制參數(shù)進(jìn)行田間試驗(yàn),樣機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)彎速度3km/h時(shí),最小外輪轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑為2m;行走速度為6km/h時(shí),100m直線行走平均偏移量為5.51cm;植保車滿載情況下的平均續(xù)航時(shí)間達(dá)到2.54h,整機(jī)達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求。

    Abstract:

    In view of the diversity of crops in the Huang-Huai-Hai area, the row spacing is large and the plant protection machinery is low in generalization and intelligence. A articulated steering unmanned plant protection vehicle with adjustable wheelbase and ground clearance was designed. The plant protection vehicle can be remotely controlled by a remote control, and after switching the automatic mode, it can track the path according to the predetermined route to realize the autonomous walking of the plant protection vehicle. A kinematics model was established for the autonomous walking mode of the plant protection vehicle, and the strategy of using heading tracking to realize the path tracking was determined, and the stability of the waist turning control was analyzed through the Lyapunov function. The extended Kalman filter algorithm of the sensor and the PID control method of the drive motor were proposed. Finally, the step response of Matlab was used to simulate and analyze the autonomous walking control system. The results showed that when the coefficients Kp=1,Ti=0.05,Td=0.01, the system response speed and accuracy can meet the needs of autonomous plant protection vehicle navigation control. Field tests were conducted with the turning radius of the work platform and the offset parameters of straightline walking. When the turning speed of the prototype was 3km/h, the minimum outer wheel turning radius was 2m, and when the walking speed was 6km/h, the average offset for 100m straight travel was 5.51cm, and the average endurance time of the plant protection vehicle under full load was 2.54h. The whole machine met the design requirements.

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李赫,趙弋秋,秦超斌,丁力,程上上,張開飛.折腰轉(zhuǎn)向無人駕駛植保車控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(s2):544-553. LI He, ZHAO Yiqiu, QIN Chaobin, DING Li, CHENG Shangshang, ZHANG Kaifei. Design and Test of Control System of Articulated Steering Unmanned Plant Protection Vehicle[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(s2):544-553.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-12-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-12-10
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