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玉米秸稈還田交互式分層深松鏟設(shè)計(jì)與離散元仿真
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0300803)


Design and Discrete Element Simulation of Interactive Layered Subsoiler with Maize Straw Returned to Filed
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    摘要:

    在玉米秸稈還田條件下,為了提高深松作業(yè)破茬比率,降低土壤擾動(dòng)與能耗,以物料(土壤、秸稈和根茬)特性、滑切原理和離散元(EDEM)仿真分析深松鏟對(duì)土壤的作用為依據(jù),設(shè)計(jì)了交互式分層深松鏟。首先,根據(jù)物料特性與滑切原理得到前鏟結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù);然后,以前鏟仿真過程中回流土壤最大加速度的位置和方向?yàn)橐罁?jù),設(shè)計(jì)與回流土壤形成滑切交互作用的后鏟交互段鏟柄,同時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)后鏟上下段鏟柄,得到后鏟結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù);最后,結(jié)合前鏟運(yùn)動(dòng)速度與土壤顆粒回流至最大加速度的時(shí)間確定前后鏟處于滑切交互時(shí)的間距。將交互式分層深松鏟與前鏟仿真過程中所選土壤顆粒最大加速度的方向進(jìn)行對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了設(shè)計(jì)思路的合理性。離散元仿真對(duì)比試驗(yàn)表明,交互式分層深松鏟可有效降低土壤擾動(dòng);比普通分層深松鏟、圓弧型單鏟對(duì)根茬的平均作用力分別提高了22.14%、26.98%;比非交互式分層深松鏟、普通分層深松鏟、圓弧型單鏟的平均阻力分別減小了14.25%、26.02%、8.71%。交互式分層深松鏟破茬比率高、土壤擾動(dòng)小、能耗低,滿足深松作業(yè)的要求。

    Abstract:

    An interactive layered subsoil shovel was designed on the basis of material (soil, straw and stubble) characteristics, sliding-cut principle and the effect of subsoiler on soil before EDEM simulation analysis in order to improve the stubble breaking ratio of sub-soiling and reduce soil disturbance and energy consumption under the condition of maize straw returning. Firstly, the structure parameters of the front shovel were obtained according to the material characteristic and the sliding-cut principle. Secondly, the shovel handle of the interaction section of the backhoe to form the sliding interaction with the backhoe was designed and the structural parameters of the backhoe were obtained according to the position and direction of the maximum acceleration of the backhoe soil in the simulation process of the front shovel, at the same time, the handle of the upper and lower section of the shovel was designed according to the material characteristics and the sliding-cut principle. Finally, the distance between the front shovel and the backhoe in sliding interaction was in the sliding state according to the moving speed of the front shovel and the time of soil particles returning to the maximum acceleration. The direction of the maximum acceleration of soil particles selected in the simulation process of the interactive layered subsoil shovel and the front shovel was compared to verify the rationality of the design idea. The results of the discrete element simulation showed that it was possible to reduce the soil disturbance effectively through the interactive layered subsoil shovel. In terms of the average force on the stubble, it was increased by 22.14% and 26.98% respectively compared with the ordinary layered subsoil shovel and the circular arc single shovel. In terms of the average resistance, it was declined by 14.25%, 26.02% and 8.71% respectively compared with the non interactive layered subsoil shovel, the ordinary layered subsoil shovel and the circular arc single shovel. The interactive layered subsoil shovel was endowed with the high stubble breaking rate, the small soil disturbance and the low energy consumption, which met the requirements of sub-soiling.

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趙淑紅,劉漢朋,楊超,楊羅羅,高連龍,楊悅乾.玉米秸稈還田交互式分層深松鏟設(shè)計(jì)與離散元仿真[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(3):75-87. ZHAO Shuhong, LIU Hanpeng, YANG Chao, YANG Luoluo, GAO Lianlong, YANG Yueqian. Design and Discrete Element Simulation of Interactive Layered Subsoiler with Maize Straw Returned to Filed[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(3):75-87.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-05-26
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-03-10
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