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基于工作空間的果園作業(yè)平臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)優(yōu)化與試驗(yàn)
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山東省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(ZR2018MC017)、山東省農(nóng)業(yè)重大應(yīng)用技術(shù)創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(SD2019NJ001)、國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018YFD0700604)和山東省園藝機(jī)械與裝備重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室項(xiàng)目(YYJX-2019-07)


Structure Parameter Optimization and Experiment of Orchard Platform Based on Workspace
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    摘要:

    為提高果園作業(yè)平臺(tái)的適用性和操作靈活性,根據(jù)喬砧密植的紡錘形蘋果種植模式確定其目標(biāo)工作空間,以工作空間尺寸偏差、工作空間體積和平均可操作度描述其可達(dá)工作空間性能,分析了平臺(tái)主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)桿長和關(guān)節(jié)變量(關(guān)節(jié)角、連桿偏移)對(duì)工作空間性能的影響。建立了以可達(dá)工作空間性能和結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊為指標(biāo)的優(yōu)化模型,利用遺傳算法求解得出最優(yōu)參數(shù)為:桿2和桿4的長度分別為988、879mm,關(guān)節(jié)1、3的關(guān)節(jié)角范圍分別為[107°,256°]、[-118°,-76°],關(guān)節(jié)5、6的連桿偏移最大值分別為720、340mm。優(yōu)化后其可達(dá)工作空間尺寸偏差分別減小96.09%、95.60%,體積減小4.69%,平均可操作度增加1.43%。對(duì)優(yōu)化后的果園作業(yè)平臺(tái)進(jìn)行了實(shí)地果園工作空間試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明:承載質(zhì)量為65kg、橫坡坡度為15°、縱坡坡度為15°時(shí),工作空間尺寸偏差最大,分別為16.2、16.7mm,比原型分別減小93.89%、93.76%。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the applicability of the orchard operation platform, the target workspace according to the planting mode was determined. The kinematics model established based on D-H method was derived on the basis of prototype development. The dimension deviation, volume and average operability of the platform were calculated as the indexes to evaluate the performance of the reachable workspace simulated by Monte Carlo method. The influence of the platform structure parameter rod length and joint variables (joint angle and link offset) on these three indexes were analyzed. The optimization function established by taking the performance of reachable workspace and compact structure as the optimization index was transformed into a single objective optimization function by analytic hierarchy process. The optimal parameters obtained by genetic algorithm were as follows: the length of rod 2 was 988mm, the length of rod 4 was 879mm, the range of joint angle 1 was [107°, 256°], the range of joint angle 3 was [-118°, -76°], and the maximum value of link offset 5 and 6 was 720mm and 340mm, respectively. Compared with the prototype, the dimension deviation of reachable workspace was decreased by 96.09% and 95.60%, volume was decreased by 4.69%, average operability was increased by 1.43%, sum of rod length was increased by 4.85%, and sum of joint variables was decreased by 3.11%. A three-factor three-level test with the platform load, cross slope angle and longitudinal slope angle as factors was designed. After the field test of the prototype workspace at orchard, the test results showed that when the load was 65kg, the cross slope was 15° and the longitudinal slope was 15°, the deviation between the actual reachable workspace and the target workspace was 16.2mm and 16.7mm, which were reduced by 93.89% and 93.76%, respectively. The research result can provide a reference for the structural parameter optimization of similar agricultural machinery.

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樊桂菊,李釗,毛文華,婁偉,梁昭,姜紅花.基于工作空間的果園作業(yè)平臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)優(yōu)化與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(4):34-42,265. FAN Guiju, LI Zhao, MAO Wenhua, LOU Wei, LIANG Zhao, JIANG Honghua. Structure Parameter Optimization and Experiment of Orchard Platform Based on Workspace[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(4):34-42,265.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-07-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-04-10
  • 出版日期: 2021-04-10