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開溝旋耕機漸變螺旋升角軸向勻土刀輥設計與試驗
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國家自然科學基金項目(31901412)、湖北省自然科學基金項目(2019CFB130)和中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務費專項基金項目(2662018QD033)


Design and Experiment of Land Leveling Blade Roller of Ditching and Rotary Tiller with Gradual Spiral Angle
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    摘要:

    針對長江中下游農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)開廂溝后旋耕作業(yè)地表平整度差、土壤軸向分布不均勻等問題,設計了一種漸變螺旋升角軸向勻土刀輥。分析了旋耕刀軸向運土力學條件,建立了勻土刀輥旋耕刀擾土體積參數(shù)方程和旋耕刀漸變螺旋升角排列螺旋線方程,并分析確定了影響勻土刀輥軸向勻土性能的關(guān)鍵因素為刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速、旋耕切土節(jié)距、初始螺旋升角。運用離散元法模擬勻土刀輥作業(yè)過程,以耕后地表平整度為試驗指標,以刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速、旋耕切土節(jié)距、初始螺旋升角為試驗因素,進行了正交試驗,建立地表平整度回歸方程。利用Design-Expert分析軟件得到最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合為:刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速260r/min、旋耕切土節(jié)距8.3cm、初始螺旋升角71°,此時仿真地表平整度為17.35mm。在最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合下進行了田間試驗,結(jié)果表明,勻土刀輥作業(yè)后,地表平整度、土壤軸向分布均勻度、耕深穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)、碎土率的均值分別為14.5mm、8.82%、92.34%、81.66%,整體耕整效果優(yōu)于常用旋耕刀輥。

    Abstract:

    To solve the problems of poor land leveling and nonuniform axial distribution of soil in rotary tillage after opening drainage ditching in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, a blade roller for rotary tillage and axial land leveling with gradual spiral angle was designed. The volume parameter equation of soil disturbance of rotary tillage blade roller was established, the mechanical conditions of axial soil transport of rotary tillage blade were analyzed, and the spiral line equation of rotary tillage blade arrangement with gradient spiral angle was established. The key factors affecting the axial uniformity of soil layer were determined as blade roller rotary speed, cutting pitch of rotary tillage and initial spiral angle. The discrete element simulation model of rotary tillage blade roller with gradual spiral angle was established by using distinct element method. The regression equation of soil layer levelness was established by orthogonal test with the blade roller rotary speed, cutting pitch of rotary tillage and initial spiral angle as the test parameters. The Design-Expert analysis software was used, when the blade roller rotary speed, cutting pitch of rotary tillage and initial spiral angle were 260r/min, 8.3cm, and 71°, respectively, the optimized soil layer levelness was 17.35mm. The field test under the optimized parameters showed that the soil layer levelness, soil distribution uniformity, tillage depth stability and soil broken rate were 14.5mm, 8.82%, 92.34% and 81.66%, respectively, and the comprehensive tillage performance was better than that of the traditional rotary tillage blade roller. The research result could provide a reference for the equipment optimization and upgrading of the combined operation of wheat planting, drainage ditching and rotary tillage in agricultural areas of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

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鄭侃,李宇飛,夏俊芳,劉國陽,程健,康啟新.開溝旋耕機漸變螺旋升角軸向勻土刀輥設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2021,52(5):63-73. ZHENG Kan, LI Yufei, XIA Junfang, LIU Guoyang, CHENG Jian, KANG Qixin. Design and Experiment of Land Leveling Blade Roller of Ditching and Rotary Tiller with Gradual Spiral Angle[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(5):63-73.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-01-19
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-05-10
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