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茶園切拋組合式開溝刀設(shè)計與試驗
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國家科技支撐計劃項目(2013BAD08B04)、安徽省自然科學(xué)基金項目(2008085QE270)和安徽省教育廳自然科學(xué)研究重點項目(KJ2019A0172)


Design and Experiment of Combined Cutting and Throwing Ditching Blade for Tea Garden
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    摘要:

    針對茶園機械化開溝拋土性能不理想、無專用刀具的問題,設(shè)計了適用于茶園開溝的切拋組合式開溝刀。對拋土刀拋土片的拋土過程進(jìn)行動力學(xué)分析,確定其關(guān)鍵參數(shù)拋土片寬度為8cm、傾斜角為30°時,可保證拋土刀橫向拋土幅寬滿足農(nóng)藝要求。性能試驗表明:切拋組合式開溝刀單側(cè)拋土幅寬為22.7cm、拋土均勻性系數(shù)為90.3%、覆土厚度為2.1cm、開溝深度穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)為87.8%、溝底浮土厚度為1.2cm,對照組單一開溝刀為13.4cm、84.3%、2.4cm、82.3%、2.5cm,說明切拋組合式開溝刀更符合茶園開溝實際需求,拋土均勻性與開溝穩(wěn)定性更好,所拋土壤不易落入溝內(nèi)。功耗分析試驗表明,與單一切土刀相比,切拋組合式開溝刀拋土的正后側(cè)區(qū)域沖擊力減小,拋土上方區(qū)域沖擊力減小,從而導(dǎo)致其拋土總沖擊力減小,因此,該組合式開溝刀提高了開溝拋土質(zhì)量,同時未明顯增大開溝功耗。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problems of poor soil throwing performance, high power consumption and no special blade, a cutting and throwing combined ditching blade was designed for tea garden ditching. The dynamic analysis of the soil throwing process of the soil throwing lump determined that the key parameters of the soil throwing lump were 8cm wide and the tilt angle was 30°, and the soil throwing blade could meet the requirements of tea garden ditching that the soil could be evenly distributed to the edge of the ditch instead of falling into the ditch, which was convenient for filling soil after fertilization and the ditching energy consumption could not be too high. The results of experiment showed that the width of single side throwing soil by the combined blade was 22.7cm, the uniformity of throwing soil was 90.3%, the thickness of covering soil was 2.1cm, the stability of ditching depth was 87.8%, and the thickness of floating soil at the bottom of ditch was 1.2cm, while that of the control group was 13.4cm, 84.3%, 2.4cm, 82.3% and 2.5cm, respectively, which indicated that the throwing distance of the combined blade was better than that of the single blade, the same as uniformity of throwing soil and planting stability, and the thrown soil by the combined blade was not easy to fall into the ditch. In addition, the combined blade did not significantly increase the power consumption. The results of power consumption analysis showed that compared with the single cutter, the impact force of the front and rear area of the combined blade was reduced, and the impact force of the upper area of the throwing soil was reduced, so the total impact force of the throwing soil was reduced.

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秦寬,梁小龍,曹成茂,丁為民,吳正敏,方梁菲.茶園切拋組合式開溝刀設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2021,52(5):74-82. QIN Kuan, LIANG Xiaolong, CAO Chengmao, DING Weimin, WU Zhengmin, FANG Liangfei. Design and Experiment of Combined Cutting and Throwing Ditching Blade for Tea Garden[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(5):74-82.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-12-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-05-10
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