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奶牛臥床墊料拋撒機錘式拋撒機構設計與試驗
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山東省農業(yè)重大應用技術創(chuàng)新項目(SD2019NJ008)和山東省自然科學基金面上項目(ZR2018MEE026)


Design and Experiment of Hammer Spreading Mechanism of Cow Bedding Material Spreader
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    摘要:

    為研究對象,建立了錘式墊料拋撒機構作業(yè)的理論模型,對錘頭回轉半徑、拋撒轉速、物料拋出角、錘頭數量和錘頭尺寸進行了設計和計算。采用EDEM建立了沙子拋撒仿真模型,并對拋撒轉速、拋料切線角、上擋板開啟角和上擋板長度等關鍵因素進行了仿真分析,得出各因素對拋撒幅寬、地面堆積物料平均厚度和拋撒均勻性的影響規(guī)律。仿真分析表明,提高拋撒轉速、減小拋料切線角、增大上擋板開啟角和減小上擋板長度,能夠顯著增大物料拋撒幅寬和提高拋撒均勻性,并能夠降低地面堆積物料平均厚度。選取拋撒轉速1200r/min、拋料切線角35°、上擋板開啟角70°、上擋板長度180mm和行駛速度4km/h進行仿真分析與現場試驗,結果表明,仿真分析與試驗結果基本吻合,證實了仿真分析的可靠性。試驗測試拋撒幅寬為5.1m,地面堆積物料平均厚度為22mm,拋撒均勻性變異系數為31.96%,滿足養(yǎng)殖場的使用要求。

    Abstract:

    In order to provide a special spreader for cow bedding materials, a cow bedding material hammer spreader was designed. Taking sand as the research object, an operating theoretical model of the hammer spreading mechanism was established. The gyration radius of the hammer, spreading speed, spreading angle of the material, number and size of hammer were designed and calculated. The simulation model of sand spreading was established by EDEM, and the key factors such as spreading speed, tangent angle of spreading, opening angle of upper baffle, and length of upper baffle were simulated and analyzed. The influence of each factor on spreading width, average thickness of materials accumulated on the ground, and spreading uniformity was analyzed. The simulation results showed that by increasing the spreading speed and the opening angle of the upper baffle, reducing the tangent angle of spreading and the length of upper baffle, the spreading width and spreading uniformity of the sand accumulated on the ground can be improved, and the average thickness of sand accumulated on the ground can be reduced. Under the condition that the spreading speed was 1200r/min, the spreading tangent angle was 35°, the opening angle of the upper baffle was 70°, the length of the upper baffle was 180mm, and the driving speed was 4km/h, simulations and tests were carried out. Simulation results were in good agreement with experimental data, and the reliability of the simulation analysis was confirmed. The effective spreading width was 5.1m, and the average thickness was 22mm, and the coefficient of variation of the uniformity of spreading was 31.96%, the requirement of farms was met.

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范國強,滕翔,姜軍鵬,董和銀,王玉亮,齊自成.奶牛臥床墊料拋撒機錘式拋撒機構設計與試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2021,52(5):120-128. FAN Guoqiang, TENG Xiang, JIANG Junpeng, DONG Heyin, WANG Yuliang, QI Zicheng. Design and Experiment of Hammer Spreading Mechanism of Cow Bedding Material Spreader[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(5):120-128.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-07-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-05-10
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