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黃土高原中部典型流域植被恢復(fù)對(duì)徑流的影響
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018YFC1507000)和國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(91637209)


Vegetation Restoration and Its Impact on Runoff in Typical Areas of Middle Loess Plateau
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    針對(duì)黃土高原植被恢復(fù)后水文要素變化和水文要素之間關(guān)系不明確的問題,以黃土高原中部半濕潤型氣候的延河流域?yàn)檠芯繉?duì)象,利用通用陸面模型CLM5.0,模擬1980—2018年土地覆蓋變化對(duì)流域關(guān)鍵水文要素和水文要素之間關(guān)系的影響。結(jié)果表明:延河流域耕地面積從1980年的3277km2減少到2018年的2400km2,減少了26.76%,而林地和草地面積分別增加了244km2和528km2。土地覆蓋變化導(dǎo)致延河流域年徑流量和年徑流系數(shù)明顯減小,減幅分別為12.34%和11.46%。土地覆蓋變化導(dǎo)致延河流域多年平均月徑流量和多年平均月徑流系數(shù)明顯減小,其對(duì)豐水季徑流量影響較小,對(duì)枯水季徑流量影響較大,并使年內(nèi)徑流分配趨于集中化。本研究可為黃土高原水資源開發(fā)利用及科學(xué)管理提供參考。

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    Since the end of the 1990s, large-scale ecological restoration projects have been implemented in the Loess Plateau, which significantly changed land use types and land cover. These projects enhanced ecosystem service functions and improved soil and water loss to a certain extent. More and more attention has been paid to the impact of these projects on the hydrological processes. The Yanhe River Basin, with a semihumid climate in the middle of the Loess Plateau, was taken as an example. The community land model (CLM) version 5.0 was used to simulate the impact of land cover changes on key hydrological elements and their relationships in this basin over 1980 through 2018. The results showed that the cultivated area was decreased from 3277km2 in 1980 to 2400km2 in 2018, a decrease of 26.76%. Woodland and grassland area was increased by 244km2 and 528km2, respectively. The annual runoff and annual runoff coefficient was decreased significantly due to the change of land cover, which were 12.34% and 11.46%, respectively. The change of land cover also led to the decrease of monthly mean runoff and the coefficient, which had a less influence in the wet season and a larger influence in the dry season, making the annual runoff distribution to be centralized. To guide the rational use of the water resource and build a harmonious ecological environment in the Loess Plateau, understanding the hydrological process and its changing had a great theoretical value and practical significance.

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楊潔,金繼明,邵進(jìn),王玉寶.黃土高原中部典型流域植被恢復(fù)對(duì)徑流的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(5):258-266,257. YANG Jie, JIN Jiming, SHAO Jin, WANG Yubao. Vegetation Restoration and Its Impact on Runoff in Typical Areas of Middle Loess Plateau[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(5):258-266,257.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-01-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-05-10
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