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三角網(wǎng)格曲面環(huán)形刀五軸加工寬行距刀具路徑生成方法
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國家自然科學基金項目(51905377)


Tool Paths with Large Intervals Generation Method for Five-axis Machining of Triangular Mesh Surface Using Toroidal Cutter
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    摘要:

    針對三角網(wǎng)格曲面五軸數(shù)控加工中普遍使用的截平面法加工行距較窄、加工效率較低的問題,提出一種可變行距的寬行加工刀具路徑生成方法。首先,以三角網(wǎng)格數(shù)據(jù)重構為基礎,提出一種基于KdTree網(wǎng)格區(qū)域劃分的求交算法,實現(xiàn)了網(wǎng)格數(shù)據(jù)點的快速獲取;然后,分析環(huán)形刀及三角網(wǎng)格曲面的幾何特性,在無曲率干涉條件下提出通過改變側傾角并優(yōu)化前傾角使刀具有效切削半徑最大化的方法,獲得以加工行距最大化為優(yōu)化目標的最佳刀具傾角組合;最后,結合三角網(wǎng)格曲面的特性建立一種環(huán)形刀刀具離散模型,并提出了相應的干涉檢測與修正方法。仿真實驗表明,在相同加工條件下,本文加工行距優(yōu)化方法較現(xiàn)有方法明顯增大了加工行距、提高了加工效率,而且所提出的刀具干涉與修正處理方法能有效避免局部刀底干涉及全局刀桿干涉現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem of machining inefficiency caused by narrow path interval in the current five-axis CNC machining process of triangular mesh surface, a tool path generation algorithm for variable path interval in machining was proposed. Firstly, with the data reconstruction of triangular mesh, an intersection-algorithm based on KdTree mesh partition was proposed, which achieved fast grid data point acquisition. Then, with analyzing the geometric characteristics of the toroidal cutter and the triangular mesh surface, a method was proposed to maximize the effective cutting radius by changing the tilt angle and optimizing the inclination angle under the condition of no curvature interference. Finally, a discrete model of toroidal cutter was established based on the characteristics of triangular mesh surface, and the corresponding interference detection and correction method was also put forward. The simulation results showed that the optimization method of path intervals can significantly improve the machining path intervals compared with the existing methods under the same machining conditions and the presented method of checking and correcting the tool-interference can effectively avoid the local interference of cutter bottom and the global interference of cutter arbor. It can be seen that the methods proposed had upper theoretical significance and practical application value in improving the efficiency of five-axis CNC machining for triangular mesh surface.

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陳良驥,趙波,馬龍飛,高飛.三角網(wǎng)格曲面環(huán)形刀五軸加工寬行距刀具路徑生成方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2021,52(5):392-403. CHEN Liangji, ZHAO Bo, MA Longfei, GAO Fei. Tool Paths with Large Intervals Generation Method for Five-axis Machining of Triangular Mesh Surface Using Toroidal Cutter[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(5):392-403.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-06-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-05-10
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