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基于角度檢測的拖拉機(jī)懸掛耕深電液監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)研究
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(xiàng)(201503136)和國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0301303)


Design and Test of Electro-hydraulic Monitoring Device for Hitch Tillage Depth Based on Measurement of Tractor Pitch Angle
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)長江中下游農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)土壤黏重潮濕、機(jī)具碾壓導(dǎo)致地表平整度差、耕作時(shí)耕深不穩(wěn)定等問題,提出了一種基于拖拉機(jī)車身俯仰角與懸掛裝置提升臂轉(zhuǎn)角的耕深監(jiān)控方法。首先,對(duì)旋耕作業(yè)機(jī)組姿態(tài)進(jìn)行分析,確定了耕深與角度之間的幾何關(guān)系,建立了耕深控制模型,并利用角位移傳感器和傾角傳感器分別測量提升臂轉(zhuǎn)角和拖拉機(jī)車身俯仰角的變化,從而間接確定耕深;然后設(shè)計(jì)了耕深電液監(jiān)控系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)可預(yù)設(shè)耕深和實(shí)時(shí)顯示耕深;最后,選用Simulink軟件通過仿真對(duì)耕深電液監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行響應(yīng)速度檢驗(yàn),仿真結(jié)果顯示,系統(tǒng)能在0.6s達(dá)到穩(wěn)定狀態(tài),滿足耕深控制要求。進(jìn)行了耕深自動(dòng)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)準(zhǔn)確性試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明,系統(tǒng)能檢測因傾仰導(dǎo)致的三點(diǎn)懸掛下拉桿懸掛點(diǎn)高度的變化量,調(diào)控高度穩(wěn)定在設(shè)定值,驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)的準(zhǔn)確性。為檢驗(yàn)耕深電液監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)田間作業(yè)性能,選擇所設(shè)計(jì)的電液監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)與原機(jī)械調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了對(duì)比試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明,利用電液監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行旋耕作業(yè)時(shí),其在各工況中耕深穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)不超過4.28%,耕深標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差和耕深穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)均低于機(jī)械調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of heavy and wet soil in agricultural areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, poor surface flatness due to machine rolling, and unstable tillage depth during farming. Firstly, the posture of the rotary tillage operation unit was analyzed, the geometric relationship between tillage depth and angle was determined, and the tillage depth control model was established. The angle displacement sensor and the tilt angle sensor were used to measure the rotation angle of the lift arm and the pitch angle of the tractor body to indirectly determine the tillage depth. Secondly, an electro-hydraulic monitoring system was designed, which can realize preset tillage depth value and display real-time tillage depth. Finally, Simulink software simulation was used to test the response speed of the tillage electro-hydraulic monitoring system. The simulation results showed that the system can reach a stable state in 0.6s and meet the tillage depth control requirements. In the field test stage, the accuracy test of the automatic tillage depth detection system was adopted, and the test result was obtained that the system which can detect the change in the height value of the three-point suspension drop-bar suspension point caused by the tilt, and the control height was stable at the set value. The performance of the automatic detection system for tillage depth was verified. In order to test the field operation performance of tillage depth electro-hydraulic monitoring device, the designed electro-hydraulic monitoring system and the original mechanical control system were selected for comparison tests. The results showed that when the electro-hydraulic monitoring system was used for rotary tillage operations, the value of the variation coefficient of tillage depth stability was 4.28% under each working condition at most. The standard deviation of tillage depth and the coefficient of variation of tillage depth stability were both lower than that of the mechanical control system. It was verified that the electro-hydraulic monitoring system improved the stability of tillage depth and can achieve a good stable tillage effect.

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夏俊芳,李棟,劉國陽,程健,鄭侃,羅承銘.基于角度檢測的拖拉機(jī)懸掛耕深電液監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(8):386-395. XIA Junfang, LI Dong, LIU Guoyang, CHENG Jian, ZHENG Kan, LUO Chengming. Design and Test of Electro-hydraulic Monitoring Device for Hitch Tillage Depth Based on Measurement of Tractor Pitch Angle[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(8):386-395.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-09-19
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-08-10
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