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玉米聯(lián)合收獲機紋桿式脫粒元件設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0300300)和財政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代玉米產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項目


Design and Experiment of Rasp Bar Threshing Element of Corn Combine Harvester
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    摘要:

    我國華北地區(qū)玉米收獲時籽粒含水率較高,采用釘齒式及桿齒式脫粒元件進行籽粒直收時,籽粒破碎率較高,為降低脫粒過程中籽粒破碎率,設(shè)計了一種紋桿式脫粒元件,分析其前傾角變化對果穗受力的影響規(guī)律,以籽粒破碎時壓縮量為依據(jù),對紋桿塊頂端弧面形狀進行設(shè)計?;贓DEM研究紋桿元件頂端參數(shù)對果穗受力的影響,采用擬水平法設(shè)計四因素四水平正交試驗,試驗結(jié)果表明:較優(yōu)紋桿參數(shù)組合為前傾角75°、凸棱傾角25°、凸棱寬度6mm、凸棱高度10mm;通過臺架試驗探究滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速、凹板間隙等工作參數(shù)對紋桿式滾筒脫粒效果的影響規(guī)律,當(dāng)籽粒含水率為28.5%時,最優(yōu)滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速為300r/min,凹板間隙為50mm,此時籽粒破碎率為5.34%。在最優(yōu)工作參數(shù)下,對比不同脫粒元件脫粒效果,發(fā)現(xiàn)籽粒破碎率分別由桿齒式元件的9.91%、釘齒式元件的7.83%下降至紋桿式脫粒元件的5.34%,證明所設(shè)計的紋桿式脫粒元件能夠有效降低脫粒過程中籽粒破碎率。

    Abstract:

    The grain moisture content is high when corn is harvested in North China, and there is a problem of high broken rate of grain when using nail-toothed and pole-toothed threshing elements. In order to reduce the rate of broken grain during the threshing process, a rasp bar threshing element was designed. The influence of the forward inclination angle of the rasp bar on the force of the ear was analyzed and the top arc shape of the rasp bar was designed based on the size of the compression when the grain was broken. Based on EDEM the primary and secondary relationship between the rasp bar top parameters and the force of the ears was researched, and the four-factor four-level orthogonal test was designed by using the quasi-level method. The results showed that the better parameter combination of the rasp bar was forward: inclination angle was 75°, top rib inclination was 25°, top rib width was 6mm, and top rib height was 10mm. Through the bench test, the law of influence of the working parameters such as the rotor speed and the cylinder-concave clearance on the threshing effect of the drum was explored, it was found that when the moisture content of maize was 28.5%, the rotor speed was 300r/min, the cylinder concave clearance was 50mm, at that time, the rates of broken grains was 5.34%. Comparing the threshing effect of different threshing elements under the optimal working parameters, it was found that the rates of broken grains were decreased from 9.91% of the pole-toothed element and 7.83% of the pin-toothed element to 5.34% of the rasp-bar element. It was proved that the rasp bar threshing element can effectively reduce the rates of broken grains.

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王鎮(zhèn)東,崔濤,張東興,楊麗,和賢桃,張澤鵬.玉米聯(lián)合收獲機紋桿式脫粒元件設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2021,52(9):115-123. WANG Zhendong, CUI Tao, ZHANG Dongxing, YANG Li, HE Xiantao, ZHANG Zepeng. Design and Experiment of Rasp Bar Threshing Element of Corn Combine Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(9):115-123.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-01-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-09-10
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