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手持振動梳刷式小粒咖啡采摘裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51975265、31960366)、國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計劃項目(2017YFD0700600-2017YFD0700604)、云南省重大科技專項(2016ZF001、2017ZF001、2018ZC001-3、2018ZC001-4、2018ZC001-5)和云南省高校工程研究中心建設(shè)計劃項目


Design and Experiment of Hand-held Vibrating Comb-type Coffea arabica L. Harvester
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    摘要:

    針對云南丘陵山區(qū)小粒咖啡人工采收成本高、大型機(jī)械采收困難等問題,設(shè)計了手持振動梳刷式小??Х炔烧b置。通過建立果樹-機(jī)械收獲動力學(xué)模型和多體動力學(xué)仿真,得到振幅的穩(wěn)態(tài)響應(yīng)表達(dá)式,并確定了振動部件和梳刷部件的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)。利用ADAMS建立了果樹-機(jī)械剛?cè)狁詈夏P?,采用廣義力與傳感器函數(shù)控制的方法進(jìn)行單因素仿真試驗,分析了頻率、梳齒間距和偏心塊夾角對小??Х仁斋@效果的影響規(guī)律。以頻率、梳齒間距和偏心塊夾角為試驗因素,采凈率、采青率和損傷率為試驗指標(biāo),進(jìn)行二次回歸正交旋轉(zhuǎn)組合試驗,結(jié)果表明:對采凈率和采青率的影響因素重要性依次為頻率、梳齒間距、偏心塊夾角;對損傷率影響因素重要性依次為梳齒間距、頻率和偏心塊夾角。當(dāng)頻率為26Hz、梳齒間距為32mm、偏心塊夾角為22.5°時,采摘機(jī)工作性能最佳,經(jīng)試驗驗證,此時采凈率為91.35%,采青率為8.46%,損傷率為4.15%,滿足小??Х仁斋@技術(shù)要求。

    Abstract:

    In view of the trouble of high cost of manual harvesting and the difficulty of large-scale machinery harvesting of Coffea arabica L. in the hilly areas of Yunnan, a hand-held vibrating comb-type Coffea arabica L. harvester was designed. Through establishing the harvest dynamic model of tree-machine and ADAMS simulation, the steady-state response expression of amplitude was obtained, and the structural parameters of the key components of the device were determined. The rigid-flexible coupling model of tree-machine was established in ADAMS, and the single-factor simulation experiment of the harvester was carried out by using the methods of generalized force and sensor function control. Through this method, the effects of frequency, comb spacing and the angle between the eccentric blocks on the harvest effect of Coffea arabica L. were analyzed. Then the quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination test was done,with the frequency, comb spacing and eccentric block angle as the test factors,and the harvesting rate of ripe coffee, the harvesting rate of unripe coffee and the breaking rate of ripe coffee as test indexes. The results of the experiments showed that the importance of the factors affecting the harvesting rate of ripe coffee and the harvesting rate of unripe coffee were frequency, comb spacing and the angle between the eccentric blocks in turn. The importance of the factors affecting the damage rate were comb spacing, frequency and the angle between the eccentric blocks in turn. When the frequency was 26Hz, the comb spacing was 32mm and the angle between the eccentric blocks was 22.5°, the working performance of the harvester was the best. Verified by the experiments, the results showed that the harvesting rate of ripe coffee was 9135%, the harvesting rate of unripe coffee was 8.46%, and the damage rate was 4.15%, which met the technical requirements of Coffea arabica L. harvest.

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于英杰,王劍,賴慶輝,賈廣鑫,于飛,曹穎.手持振動梳刷式小??Х炔烧b置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2021,52(9):124-133. YU Yingjie, WANG Jian, LAI Qinghui, JIA Guangxin, YU Fei, CAO Ying. Design and Experiment of Hand-held Vibrating Comb-type Coffea arabica L. Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(9):124-133.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-04-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-09-10
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