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基于動態(tài)稱量原理的泛函式播種施肥量檢測方法
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD070030403)和江蘇省信息農(nóng)業(yè)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室項(xiàng)目(KLIAKF1901)


Functional Detection Method of Application Rate Based on Principle of Dynamic Weighing
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    摘要:

    針對動態(tài)檢測播種施肥量的測量系統(tǒng)易受振動干擾影響且難消除的問題,本文采用高壓氮?dú)鈴椈傻闹瘟蚐型傳感器的拉力組合成稱量式播量檢測裝置,利用壓力和拉力之間存在力向相反、幅值呈比例的互補(bǔ)特性,提出了一種泛函式播量檢測方法,該方法構(gòu)建了以目標(biāo)播量函數(shù)為變量的泛函,通過求取泛函極值確定目標(biāo)播量函數(shù)。利用外槽輪式小麥播種施肥機(jī)平臺,在不同目標(biāo)播量(225、300、375kg/hm2)和不同車速(3、5km/h,3~7km/h變速)下開展了18組室外車載式小麥播種交叉試驗(yàn),并應(yīng)用泛函式播量檢測方法獲取累積播量和動態(tài)播量信息。累積播量的絕對相對偏差的最大值、平均值和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差分別為5.61%、2.26%和1.58%;動態(tài)播量的檢測數(shù)據(jù)在作業(yè)面積較小時(少于0.020hm2時)存在較大波動,隨著作業(yè)面積的增加呈明顯收斂趨勢,動態(tài)播量穩(wěn)定階段(作業(yè)面積大于0.033hm2),所有測試最大絕相對偏差為9.61%,單次測試中,最大平均值為4.73%,最大標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差為1.97%。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,泛函式播量檢測方法能有效獲取動態(tài)播量和累積播量信息,為播種施肥機(jī)的播量檢測提供了一種測量方法。

    Abstract:

    Dynamic weighing method is an ideal method for dynamic detection of application rate of fertilization and seeding, because the application is not limited by the measurement object and can directly obtain dynamic information. But it is difficult to be applied in practice because of its easily being interfered by environmental vibration. An application rate measuring device, where the supporting force from high-pressure nitrogen springs and the pulling force from S-type weighting sensors was combined for detection, was adopted in this research. A functional application rate detection method was proposed based on the complementary characteristics of the measuring device with opposite direction and proportional amplitude between the pressure and tension. In this method, a function with application rate function as a variable was constructed, and the target application rate function was finally determined by calculating the extreme value of the function. Eighteen groups of experiments, with a wheat seedfertilizer drill machine on a slight potholes cement road, were carried out at different target application rates (225kg/hm2, 300kg/hm2 and 375kg/hm2) and at different vehicle speeds (3km/h, 5km/h and 3~7km/h). And the dynamic and cumulative application rate were measured with the functional detection method. The maximum, average and standard deviation of the absolute relative error of cumulative application rate were 5.61%, 2.26% and 1.58%, respectively. After exceeding 0.033 hm2 of operation area, the maximum absolute relative deviation of the dynamic application rate was 9.61% in all tests, and the maximum average absolute relative deviation and maximum standard deviation were 4.73% and 1.97% in one test. The experimental results showed that the functional detection method can effectively obtain the dynamic and cumulative information of application rate, but the construction method of the function needed further research.

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丁永前,劉卓,陳沖,劉海龍,羅俊,余洪鋒.基于動態(tài)稱量原理的泛函式播種施肥量檢測方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2021,52(10):146-154. DING Yongqian, LIU Zhuo, CHEN Chong, LIU Hailong, LUO Jun, YU Hongfeng. Functional Detection Method of Application Rate Based on Principle of Dynamic Weighing[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(10):146-154.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-06-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-07-07
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