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基于不同底墑的最優(yōu)水肥調(diào)控方案研究
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國(guó)家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(863計(jì)劃)項(xiàng)目(2011AA100504、2013AA102902)和“十二五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2012BAD09B03、2011BAD29B09)


Water and Nitrogen Inputs Optimization Based on Different Soil Water Storage at Planting
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    摘要:

    為了探討不同底墑條件下的水肥運(yùn)籌,在大型半自動(dòng)控制防雨池栽條件下,通過設(shè)置不同底墑、生育期補(bǔ)水量及施氮量,研究了各試驗(yàn)因子主效應(yīng)及互作效應(yīng)。結(jié)果表明,各試驗(yàn)因子對(duì)冬小麥產(chǎn)量的影響順序由大到小依次為底墑、施氮量、補(bǔ)水量,對(duì)水分利用效率的影響順序由大到小依次為底墑、補(bǔ)水量、施氮量;底墑、施氮量、補(bǔ)水量與冬小麥產(chǎn)量、水分利用效率的耦合分別存在顯著的負(fù)效應(yīng)和正效應(yīng);在底墑充足條件下,施氮量能充分發(fā)揮底墑的增產(chǎn)作用,提高水分利用效率。通過優(yōu)化分析,得出各指標(biāo)可接受區(qū)域(大于等于0.95最大值)的重疊區(qū)域所對(duì)應(yīng)的水氮范圍分別為:90~100mm和104.5~224.5kg/hm2(底墑450mm),94.3~100mm和105.8~186.4kg/hm2(底墑350mm)。底墑為650mm時(shí),冬小麥產(chǎn)量最大,水分利用效率較高,所對(duì)應(yīng)的水氮范圍分別為71~100mm和141.2~264.8kg/hm2。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the nitrogen rate and water management, the multivariate regression analysis was applied to explore how levels of available soil water storage at planting (WB), supplemental water during the growing period (R) and nitrogen rate (N) affected yields of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and water use efficiency (WUE) in a mobile rain-proof shed between 2013 and 2015. The results showed that effects of all factors on yields of winter wheat followed the sequence of WB, N and R. Likewise, effects of all factors on WUE followed the sequence of WB, R and N. The coupling of all factors on yield and WUE had significant negative and positive effects, respectively; in adequate WB, nitrogen rate could fully exploit the role of WB on yield increasing, and improve WUE. Acceptable yield and WUE were defined as greater than or equal to 0.95 of the maximum predicted response within the range of the treatments. Overlap of acceptable zones of grain yields and WUE were respectively 90~100mm and 104.5~224.5kg/hm2 (WB=450mm),94.3~100mm and 105.8~186.4kg/hm2 (WB=350mm). At WB=650mm, overlap of acceptable zone of the maximum grain yield and the high WUE was 71~100mm and 141.2~264.8kg/hm2.

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許衛(wèi)娜,楊寶平,丁瑞霞,聶俊峰,韓清芳,賈志寬.基于不同底墑的最優(yōu)水肥調(diào)控方案研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(10):327-336,368. XU Weina, YANG Baoping, DING Ruixia, NIE Junfeng, HAN Qingfang, JIA Zhikuan. Water and Nitrogen Inputs Optimization Based on Different Soil Water Storage at Planting[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(10):327-336,368.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-09-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-10-15
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