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青貯玉米螺旋缺口鋸齒型揉絲破碎輥設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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山東省農(nóng)業(yè)重大應(yīng)用技術(shù)創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(SD2019XM001)和山東省農(nóng)機(jī)裝備研發(fā)創(chuàng)新計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YF004)


Simulation and Test of Silage Corn Screw Notched Sawtooth Type Crushing Roller
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)青貯玉米收獲機(jī)玉米秸稈揉絲破碎效果差、效率低,影響青貯秸稈后期發(fā)酵與粗纖維轉(zhuǎn)化的問題,并考慮到青貯玉米秸稈的韌性較大,設(shè)計(jì)了適合青貯玉米秸稈揉絲破碎的試驗(yàn)臺(tái)。對(duì)秸稈的揉搓破碎機(jī)理和輥齒關(guān)鍵參數(shù)進(jìn)行了分析和優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),得出當(dāng)兩輥齒鋒面對(duì)鈍面并配合螺旋缺口時(shí),可達(dá)到對(duì)秸稈的擠壓、揉搓和剪切效果,并建立了基于離散元法的玉米秸稈顆粒粘結(jié)模型,利用EDEM開展虛擬仿真試驗(yàn),探究齒數(shù)、兩輥差速比、缺口螺旋圈數(shù)和主動(dòng)輥轉(zhuǎn)速對(duì)秸稈絲化率的影響效果,得出了最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合為:破碎輥齒數(shù)166、差速比30%、缺口螺旋圈數(shù)80、主動(dòng)輥轉(zhuǎn)速5000r/min,仿真試驗(yàn)與臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的相對(duì)誤差為3.03%;臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)結(jié)束后,采用賓州篩對(duì)其篩分,小型物料占比38.37%、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)物料占比52.75%、未完全破碎物料占比8.88%,與仿真試驗(yàn)結(jié)果一致。開展了對(duì)照試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明螺旋缺口鋸齒型破碎輥對(duì)玉米秸稈的絲化率較常規(guī)齒型破碎輥提高8.22%,滿足行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)玉米秸稈的高破碎和高效率。

    Abstract:

    In view of the low working efficiency of silage corn harvester and the poor silking effect of corn straw,which affects the late fermentation of silage corn straw and the transformation of crude fiber,a test bed suitable for silage corn straw spinning and crushing was designed. The straw kneading broken mechanism and the roller tooth key parameters were analyzed and optimization design was conducted. It was concluded that when the two roller tooth was frontal and cooperated with the spiral of the blunt surface gap,straw extrusion,kneading and shearing effect was good,and the maize straw particles bonding model was established based on the discrete element method,using the virtual simulation of EDEM discrete element simulation software test. The impact of two roller speed ratio,number of spiral gap laps and roller speed on the rate of straw silk was explored,it was concluded that the optimal parameter combination was as follows:the number of teeth of crushing roller was 166,the speed difference ratio was 30%,the number of helical notch rings was 80,and the driving roller speed was 5000r/min. The relative error between simulation test and bench test results was 3.03%. After the bench test,Binzhou sieve was used for sieving. The results showed that the proportion of small-sized material was 38.37%,the proportion of standard material was 52.75%,and the proportion of incomplete broken material was 8.88%,which were consistent with the results of simulation test. The results showed that the screw notch sawtooth crushing roller had a higher silk rate of 8.22% than the conventional sawtooth crushing roller,which met the industry standard and achieved high crushing and high efficiency of corn stalk.

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耿端陽,牟孝棟,孫延成,張仰猛,李華彪,姜慧新.青貯玉米螺旋缺口鋸齒型揉絲破碎輥設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(12):134-141. GENG Duanyang, MU Xiaodong, SUN Yancheng, ZHANG Yangmeng, LI Huabiao, JIANG Huixin. Simulation and Test of Silage Corn Screw Notched Sawtooth Type Crushing Roller[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(12):134-141.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-12-17
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-01-10
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