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日光溫室番茄采摘機器人設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃“政府間國際科技創(chuàng)新合作”重點專項(2019YFE0197700)


Design and Experiment of Tomato Picking Robot in Solar Greenhouse
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    摘要:

    針對目前日光溫室中番茄采摘主要靠人工且費時費力的問題,設(shè)計并制作了一種可以應(yīng)用于日光溫室的番茄采摘機器人。該機器人能夠在大棚壟道間巡檢并自動識別成熟番茄,完成采摘、收集。本設(shè)計以STM32微控制器為主控制器,使用麥克納姆輪全向移動平臺作為機器人的移動底盤,采用由Raspberry Pi 4B控制器驅(qū)動的深度相機作為成熟番茄的識別裝置,底盤上平臺安裝風(fēng)力補償風(fēng)機、可水平滑動的6自由度機械臂,機械臂搭載了附有薄膜壓力傳感器的柔性手爪。整個上平臺由安裝在底盤下平臺的垂直升降機構(gòu)驅(qū)動,滑動機構(gòu)和升降機構(gòu)均配有測距傳感器,通過Raspberry Pi 4B所驅(qū)動的攝像頭識別與捕捉,再通過串行總線將成熟番茄的坐標數(shù)據(jù)傳輸至STM32控制器,STM32控制器通過機械臂逆運動學(xué)分析驅(qū)動機械臂、滑軌與升降平臺的聯(lián)合動作,配合機械臂末端關(guān)節(jié)動作,即可實現(xiàn)番茄采摘。

    Abstract:

    With the popularization and development of solar greenhouse in recent years, more and more crops began to be planted in solar greenhouse. At present, in the greenhouse garden, picking tomatoes mainly relies on fruit farmers to complete manually, which not only consumes a lot of work force, but also wastes a lot of time. Taking tomato as an example, a tomato picking robot was designed which can be applied to solar greenhouse garden, patrol between greenhouse and ridge road and automatically identify ripe tomato in real time, and complete picking and collecting after identifying successful tomato. STM32 microcontroller was the main core of this design. The Mecanum wheel omni directional mobile platform was used as the mobile chassis of the robot, and the depth camera driven by Raspberry Pi 4B controller was used as the recognition device of mature tomatoes. The platform on the chassis was equipped with a wind compensation fan and a 6-DOF horizontal sliding mechanical arm. The arm was equipped with a flexible grip attached to a thin-film pressure sensor. The whole upper platform was driven by the vertical lifting structure installed on the platform under the chassis. The sliding mechanism and the lifting mechanism were equipped with ranging sensors. Through the recognition and capture of the camera driven by Raspberry Pi 4B, the coordinate data of the ripe tomato was transmitted to the STM32 controller through the serial bus. The STM32 controller drove the joint action of the mechanical arm, slide rail and lifting platform through inverse kinematics analysis of the mechanical arm, and can pick tomatoes at different heights and depths with the action of the end joint of the mechanical arm.

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于豐華,周傳琦,楊鑫,郭忠輝,陳春玲.日光溫室番茄采摘機器人設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2022,53(1):41-49. YU Fenghua, ZHOU Chuanqi, YANG Xin, GUO Zhonghui, CHEN Chunling. Design and Experiment of Tomato Picking Robot in Solar Greenhouse[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(1):41-49.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-07-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-01-10
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