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基于改進殘差網(wǎng)絡(luò)的田間葡萄霜霉病病害程度分級模型
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國家自然科學基金青年基金項目(31901403)


Classification Model of Grape Downy Mildew Disease Degree in Field Based on Improved Residual Network
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    摘要:

    針對傳統(tǒng)葡萄霜霉病人工診斷分級方法低效且存在滯后性的問題,提出了一種改進殘差網(wǎng)絡(luò)的田間葡萄霜霉病識別及病害程度分級模型。在田間采集霜霉病前期、中期、后期以及健康葉片圖像,并模擬天氣、拍攝角度及設(shè)備噪聲等影響因素進行數(shù)據(jù)增容;基于不同發(fā)病程度葉片間特征相似度高、區(qū)分難度大的特點,在優(yōu)選ResNet-50模型的基礎(chǔ)上,為解決捷徑分支信息損失嚴重和主分支特征提取能力不足的問題,在多個殘差塊組成的殘差體的Base Block中加入步長為2的3×3最大值池化層,實現(xiàn)保留重要信息的降維;改進ID Block中殘差塊的主分支結(jié)構(gòu),將其中的第1層1×1降維卷積層替換為3×3降維卷積層且步長為1;設(shè)計新的全連接層,用全局均值池化和3層全連接層網(wǎng)絡(luò)替換原模型全連接層結(jié)構(gòu),并加入Dropout(隨機失活)層避免模型過擬合。原始數(shù)據(jù)集和增容后數(shù)據(jù)集試驗結(jié)果表明,動量因子m為0.60、學習率α為0.001時,改進ResNet-50網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型與ResNet-34/50/101、AlexNet、VGG-16、GoogLeNet等模型相比具有最好的識別效果。改進后的殘差塊增強了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特征提取能力,在優(yōu)化超參數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上,相較于原始模型準確率提升了2.31個百分點;不同的數(shù)據(jù)增強方式對提高模型識別準確率均有一定貢獻,在綜合各種增強方式的數(shù)據(jù)集上改進殘差網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型的識別準確率高于原始模型4.68個百分點,達到99.92%。本文為復(fù)雜環(huán)境下葡萄霜霉病病害程度的自動分級提供了一種實時、準確的解決方法。

    Abstract:

    In view of the inefficiency and lag of the traditional artificial diagnosis and classification methods for grape downy mildew, an improved residual network model for grape downy mildew identification and disease degree classification was proposed. The images of downy mildew in the prophase, metaphase, anaphase and healthy leaves were collected in the field, and the effects of the factors of weather, shooting angle and equipment noise were simulated to increase the data capacity. Based on the characteristics of high similarity and difficult to distinguish between leaves with different disease degrees, by using the optimized ResNet-50 model, a 3×3 maximum pool layer with step size of 2 was added into the Base Block of Conv3, Conv4 and Conv5 (the residual body composed of several residual blocks) to solve the problem of serious information loss of the shortcut branch and the insufficient feature extraction ability of the main branch, so as to achieve dimensionality reduction of retaining important information. The main branch structure of the residual block in the ID Block was improved, and the 1×1 dimensionality reduction convolution layer in the first layer was replaced by 3×3 dimensionality reduction convolution layer with a step of 1;a newly full connection layer was designed, in which the global average pooling and 3 layer full connection layer network were used to replace the original model full connection layer structure, and the Dropout (random inactivation) layer was added to avoid the model over fitting. The experimental results of the original data set and the expanded data set showed that when the momentum factor m was 0.60 and the learning rate α was 0.001, the improved ResNet-50 network model had the best recognition effect compared with ResNet-34/50/101, AlexNet, VGG-16 and GoogLeNet. The improved residual block enhanced the feature extraction ability of the network. On the basis of optimizing the super parameters, the accuracy of the improved residual block was 2.31 percentage points higher than that of the original model. Different data augmentation methods had certain contribution to improve the recognition accuracy of the model. The recognition accuracy of the improved residual network model was 4.68 percentage points higher than that of the original model, reached 99.92%, which provided a real-time and accurate solution for automatic classification of grape downy mildew disease degree in complex environment.

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何東健,王鵬,牛童,毛燕茹,趙艷茹.基于改進殘差網(wǎng)絡(luò)的田間葡萄霜霉病病害程度分級模型[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(1):235-243. HE Dongjian, WANG Peng, NIU Tong, MAO Yanru, ZHAO Yanru. Classification Model of Grape Downy Mildew Disease Degree in Field Based on Improved Residual Network[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(1):235-243.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-01-19
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-01-10
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