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秸稈綜合利用減排固碳貢獻(xiàn)與潛力研究
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中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院科技創(chuàng)新工程項目和財政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項目(CARS-02)


Contribution and Potential of Comprehensive Utilization of Straw in GHG Emission Reduction and Carbon Sequestration
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    摘要:

    為推進(jìn)秸稈綜合利用,提升農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村減排固碳能力,針對秸稈綜合利用存在的溫室氣體排放因子基數(shù)不明、底數(shù)不清等問題,基于IPCC指南(2006年)溫室氣體排放核算理論框架,構(gòu)建秸稈綜合利用評價方法。明確評價范圍與邊界,科學(xué)核算不同秸稈利用技術(shù)的溫室氣體排放因子,評價秸稈五料化減排固碳底數(shù),基于不同情景預(yù)測2030年和2060年秸稈綜合利用的減排固碳潛力。結(jié)果表明,2020年秸稈綜合利用的溫室氣體凈減排貢獻(xiàn)為7.0×107tCO2e,其中,露天焚燒和自然腐解的溫室氣體排放量為5.6×107tCO2e,秸稈五料化利用減排量為1.26×108tCO2e;肥料化和燃料化利用的減排量最高,減排量分別為7.9×107tCO2e和3.8×107tCO2e。預(yù)計到2030年秸稈綜合利用溫室氣體減排固碳貢獻(xiàn)潛力為1.52×108~1.72×108tCO2e,到2060年貢獻(xiàn)潛力可達(dá)2.20×108~2.73×108tCO2e;秸稈肥料化在五料化利用中的減排貢獻(xiàn)最大,并持續(xù)穩(wěn)定增加,2030年和2060年減排貢獻(xiàn)占比分別為40.7%和31.9%;秸稈燃料化的減排潛力最大,2030年和2060年減排貢獻(xiàn)占比分別為55.2%和62.8%。秸稈綜合利用應(yīng)重視土壤/森林碳匯和化石能源替代的雙重減碳作用,應(yīng)堅持農(nóng)用為主、多元利用的原則,加大力度推進(jìn)全量利用,減少焚燒廢棄的溫室氣體排放,充分發(fā)揮其減排固碳的作用,為實現(xiàn)碳中和目標(biāo)提供支撐。

    Abstract:

    It is vital to promote the comprehensive utilization of straw for enhancing the ability of agriculture and rural areas to reduce carbon emissions and fix carbon. Based on the IPCC Guidelines (2006) greenhouse gas (GHG) emission accounting theoretical framework, and in view of the problems of unclear base and unclear bases of GHG emission factors in the comprehensive utilization of straw, an evaluation method for the comprehensive utilization of straw was constructed, the scope and boundary of the evaluation was clarified, the GHG emission factors were scientifically calculated and the carbon-reduction base of different straw utilization technologies were evaluated. Based on different scenarios, the emission reduction and carbon sequestration potential of comprehensive utilization of straw by 2030 and 2060 was predicted. The results showed that the GHG emission reduction contribution of comprehensive utilization of straw in 2020 was 70 million tCO2e. Among them, the GHG emission from open burning and natural decomposition was 5.6×107tCO2e, and the GHG emission reduction from comprehensive utilization of straw was 1.26×108tCO2e. The emission reduction of straw fertilizer and energy utilization were the highest, with emission reduction of 7.9×107tCO2e and 3.8×107tCO2e, respectively. It was estimated that the GHG emission reduction and carbon sequestration contribution potential of comprehensive utilization of straw by 2030 and 2060 would be 1.52×108~1.72×108tCO2e and 2.20×108~2.73×108tCO2e, respectively. The contribution of straw fertilizer to emission reduction in comprehensive utilization was the highest and continued to increase steadily, and it was estimated that the contribution to emission reduction in 2030 and 2060 would account for 40.7% and 31.9%, respectively. Straw energy utilization had the greatest emission reduction potential, and it was estimated that the contribution to emission reduction in 2030 and 2060 would be 55.2% and 62.8%, respectively. Therefore, the dual carbon reduction effects of soil/forest carbon sinks and fossil energy substitution should be paid attention in comprehensive utilization of straw. Adhere to the principle of agriculture-oriented and diversified utilization, increasing efforts to promote full-scale utilization, reducing GHG emissions from incineration, and making full use of straw in reducing carbon emissions, can provide support for achieving the goal of carbon neutrality.

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霍麗麗,姚宗路,趙立欣,羅娟,張沛禎.秸稈綜合利用減排固碳貢獻(xiàn)與潛力研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2022,53(1):349-359. HUO Lili, YAO Zonglu, ZHAO Lixin, LUO Juan, ZHANG Peizhen. Contribution and Potential of Comprehensive Utilization of Straw in GHG Emission Reduction and Carbon Sequestration[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(1):349-359.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-10-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-01-10
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