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基于YOLO v5-MDC的重度粘連小麥籽粒檢測方法
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2019YFD1002401)


Detection Method of Severe Adhesive Wheat Grain Based on YOLO v5-MDC Model
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    摘要:

    小麥籽粒檢測在千粒質(zhì)量計算及作物育種方面有著重要應(yīng)用,重度粘連籽粒的有效檢測是其關(guān)鍵。本研究設(shè)計了一種YOLO v5-MDC的輕量型網(wǎng)絡(luò)用于重度粘連小麥籽粒檢測。該網(wǎng)絡(luò)在YOLO v5s檢測網(wǎng)絡(luò)的基礎(chǔ)上,用混合深度可分離卷積(Mixed depthwise convolutional, MDC)模塊進行改進,同時將MDC模塊與壓縮激勵(Squeeze and excitation, SE)模塊相結(jié)合,以達到在基本不損失模型精度的前提下減少模型參數(shù)的目的。YOLO v5-MDC網(wǎng)絡(luò)將YOLO v5s特征提取網(wǎng)絡(luò)骨干部分的卷積、歸一化、激活函數(shù)(Convolution, Batch normal, Hardswish, CBH)模塊替換為MDC模塊,減少了模型的參數(shù),經(jīng)過500次迭代訓(xùn)練,模型的精確率P為93.15%,召回率R為99.96%,平均精度均值(mAP)為99.46%。根據(jù)模型在測試集上的檢測效果,本研究探究了訓(xùn)練次數(shù)、不同光源與不同拍攝距離對模型檢測結(jié)果的影響,統(tǒng)計結(jié)果表明,在綠色光源下模型檢測精確率最高,為98.00%,在5cm拍攝高度下圖像的檢測精確率最高,為98.60%。同時本研究在50次迭代下與YOLO v5s、RetinaNet、YOLO v4網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型的檢測效果進行了對比,結(jié)果表明,YOLO v5-MDC的mAP為99.40%,比YOLO v5s模型降低了0.06個百分點,但模型所占存儲空間最小,僅為13.4MB,比YOLO v5s模型減少了0.6MB,對于單幅圖像的最大檢測時間為0.08s,平均檢測時間為0.03s。綜上,本研究所設(shè)計模型能有效實現(xiàn)重度粘連小麥籽粒的檢測,同時模型檢測效率高,所占存儲小,可為小麥籽粒檢測嵌入式設(shè)備研發(fā)提供技術(shù)支持。

    Abstract:

    Wheat grain detection has important applications in the calculation of thousand grain weight and crop breeding, and the effective detection of heavily adhesive grains is the key issue should be solved. A lightweight network called YOLO v5-MDC was designed for the detection of heavily adhesive wheat grains to provide technical support for the development of mobile terminals. The YOLO v5s detection network was chosen and the mixed depthwise convolutional (MDC) module was carried out to improve it. At the same time, the MDC module combined with a squeeze and excitation(SE) module was applied to achieve the purpose of reducing model parameters without losing the accuracy of the model. The YOLO v5-MDC network replaced the convolution, batch normal, Hardswish (CBH) modules of the backbone of the YOLO v5s feature extraction network with the MDC module, reducing the model parameters. After 500 iterations of training, the accuracy of the model reached 93.15%, the recall rate reached 99.96%, and the average accuracy rate (mAP) reached 99.46%. According to the detection effect of the model on the test set, the impact of training times, different light sources and different shooting distances on the model’s detection effect was explored. The statistical results showed that the model detection accuracy rate was the highest under the green light source, and the image detection accuracy rate was the highest under the shooting height of 5cm. The research results were also compared with YOLO v5s, RetinaNet and YOLO v4 network models in 50 iterations. The results showed that the mAP of YOLO v5-MDC model was 99.40%, which was 0.06 percentage points lower than that of the original YOLO v5s model, but the model occupied the smallest storage space, with a result of only 13.4MB, which was 0.6 MB less than the YOLO v5s model. The average detection time for single image was 0.03s, and the maximum detection time was 0.08s. In summary, the designed model can effectively realize the detection of heavily adhesive wheat grains. At the same time, the model had high detection efficiency and small storage space, which can provide necessary technical support for the development of embedded equipment for wheat grain detection.

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宋懷波,王云飛,段援朝,宋磊,韓夢璇.基于YOLO v5-MDC的重度粘連小麥籽粒檢測方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2022,53(4):245-253. SONG Huaibo, WANG Yunfei, DUAN Yuanchao, SONG Lei, HAN Mengxuan. Detection Method of Severe Adhesive Wheat Grain Based on YOLO v5-MDC Model[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(4):245-253.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-04-07
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-07-06
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