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在線式玉米單粒種子檢測分選裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計劃項目(2017YFD0701205)和北京市農(nóng)林科學(xué)院青年基金項目(QNJJ202104)


Design and Experiment of Online Maize Single Seed Detection and Sorting Device
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    摘要:

    針對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中種子精選的需求,設(shè)計了在線式單粒種子檢測分選裝置,實(shí)現(xiàn)流水線式種子上料、檢測和分選。該裝置由上料裝置、檢測單元、分選單元和控制系統(tǒng)組成。上料裝置通過兩級振動實(shí)現(xiàn)籽粒的平鋪,配合傳輸帶完成籽粒的單?;?。檢測單元由高速工業(yè)相機(jī)實(shí)時獲取種子圖像,并傳送至上位機(jī)檢測分析。控制系統(tǒng)根據(jù)檢測結(jié)果和種子在圖像中的位置,控制分選單元完成分選。利用搭建的裝置采集了1200粒正常種子、1200粒霉變種子和1200粒破損種子的圖像,使用HALCON軟件提取了單粒種子的18個顏色和12個形態(tài)特征,通過偏最小二乘判別分析法進(jìn)行判別分析,分別構(gòu)建了種子霉變和破損的檢測模型,并利用搭建的裝置和模型進(jìn)行了驗證試驗。試驗結(jié)果表明:在線式單粒種子檢測分選裝置分選速率大于300粒/min;其中霉變種子的分選準(zhǔn)確率高于95%,破損種子分選的準(zhǔn)確率高于89%。

    Abstract:

    With the development of single seed sowing and precision seeding technology in China,higher requirements are put forward for the quality of single seed. In response to the current demand for fine seed selection in agricultural production,an online single seed detection and sorting device was designed. The device consisted of a feeding device, a detection unit, a sorting unit and a control system. The feeding device was composed of two sets of linear vibration devices, which can realize the flattening of the grains through two-stage vibration, and cooperate with the conveyor belt to complete the single granulation of the grains. The detection unit obtained the seed image in real time by the high-speed industrial camera, and transmitted it to the upper computer for detection and analysis. The sorting unit was made of sorting components and air compressor, which was used to remove the identified damaged or moldy grains. The control system controlled the sorting unit to complete the sorting according to the detection result and the position of the seed in the image. Furthermore, images of 3600 corn seeds (1200 normal seeds,1200 moldy seeds, and 1200 damaged seeds) were collected by using the built device, and image processing algorithms were used to obtain the 18 color and 12 morphological characteristics of a single seed, and the partial least squares discrimination analysis method (PLSDA) was used for discriminant analysis, and the detection models of moldy and damaged seeds were constructed respectively. Then the online verification experiment was carried out by using the built device and model. The results showed that the sorting rate of the device was greater than 300 seeds/min; the sorting accuracy of the mildew model was higher than 95%, and the sorting accuracy of the damaged model was higher than 89%. The device can realize the full automation of corn seeds from feeding to sorting, and can detect and sort moldy and damaged corn seeds in real time.

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張晗,閆寧,吳旭東,王成,羅斌.在線式玉米單粒種子檢測分選裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2022,53(6):159-166. ZHANG Han, YAN Ning, WU Xudong, WANG Cheng, LUO Bin. Design and Experiment of Online Maize Single Seed Detection and Sorting Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(6):159-166.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-06-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-07-20
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