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車載式大田土壤電導(dǎo)率在線檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2019YFE0125200)、中國(guó)科學(xué)院戰(zhàn)略性先導(dǎo)科技專項(xiàng)(XDA28090108)和河北省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(21327205D)


Design and Experiment of Vehicle-mounted Field Soil Electrical Conductivity Online Detection System
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    摘要:

    現(xiàn)有大田土壤電導(dǎo)率檢測(cè)裝置主要以手持式為主,存在檢測(cè)效率低、實(shí)時(shí)性差等問(wèn)題。基于電流-電壓四端法原理設(shè)計(jì)了一種車載式大田土壤電導(dǎo)率在線檢測(cè)系統(tǒng),系統(tǒng)主要由恒流信號(hào)源電路、信號(hào)處理電路、Arduino控制器、GPS定位模塊及車載傳感器等組成,可在線檢測(cè)大田土壤電導(dǎo)率。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)室和大田試驗(yàn)對(duì)系統(tǒng)性能進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,系統(tǒng)具有較好穩(wěn)定性,動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)時(shí)間約為540ms,開機(jī)預(yù)熱引起的溫漂最大偏差為3.70%,不考慮溫差影響下系統(tǒng)檢測(cè)精度R2為0.7342,消除溫差影響后檢測(cè)精度R2為0.8645~0.9156,均高于商用手持式電導(dǎo)率檢測(cè)儀,其R2為0.6095;探究了拖拉機(jī)振動(dòng)、傳感器插入深度、作業(yè)速度和土壤堅(jiān)實(shí)度對(duì)系統(tǒng)檢測(cè)精度的影響,振動(dòng)狀態(tài)相對(duì)靜止?fàn)顟B(tài),檢測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)最大誤差為10.37%,且誤差主要集中在0~10μS/cm范圍內(nèi);當(dāng)作業(yè)速度不大于5.0km/h和傳感器插入深度大于等于10cm時(shí),該系統(tǒng)可穩(wěn)定進(jìn)行大田土壤電導(dǎo)率在線檢測(cè),且檢測(cè)地塊土壤堅(jiān)實(shí)度不應(yīng)過(guò)小,以確保傳感器電極與土壤充分接觸。該系統(tǒng)可為開展基于土壤電導(dǎo)率在線檢測(cè)的實(shí)時(shí)變量施肥技術(shù)研究提供技術(shù)支撐。

    Abstract:

    In view of the existing field soil conductivity detection devices are mainly handheld, there are problems such as low detection efficiency and poor real-time performance. Based on the principle of current-voltage four-terminal method, a vehicle-mounted field soil conductivity on-line detection system was designed. The system mainly consisted of constant current signal source circuit, signal processing circuit, Arduino controller, GPS positioning module and vehicle-mounted sensor, which could detect field soil conductivity online. The performance of the system was verified by laboratory and field tests. The test results showed that the system had good stability, and the dynamic response time was about 540ms, and the maximum deviation of temperature drift caused by startup warm-up was 3.70%. The correlation coefficient R2 of the system detection accuracy was 0.7342 without considering the influence of temperature difference, and the detection accuracy R2 was 0.8645~0.9156 after eliminating the influence of temperature difference, which was higher than that of the commercial handheld conductivity detector with R2 of 0.6095. The influence of tractor vibration, sensor insertion depth, operation speed and soil solidity on the detection accuracy of the system was explored, the vibration state was relatively static, and the maximum error of detection data was 10.37%, and the error was mainly concentrated within the range of 0~10μS/cm. When the operating speed was no more than 5.0 km/h and the sensor insertion depth was greater than or equal to 10cm, the system could stably detect the field soil conductivity online, and the soil solidity of the test plot should not be too small to ensure that the sensor electrodewas in full contact with the soil. The system can provide technical support for the follow up research of real-time variable fertilization technology based on the online detection of soil conductivity.

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梁棟,胡麗娜,王秀,翟長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn),張焱龍,竇漢杰.車載式大田土壤電導(dǎo)率在線檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(6):274-285. LIANG Dong, HU Li'na, WANG Xiu, ZHAI Changyuan, ZHANG Yanlong, DOU Hanjie. Design and Experiment of Vehicle-mounted Field Soil Electrical Conductivity Online Detection System[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(6):274-285.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-01-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-03-18
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