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秸稈-土壤-旋耕機交互下秸稈位移與埋覆效果研究
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0300908)、江蘇省研究生科研創(chuàng)新計劃項目(KYCX21_0573)、國家自然科學基金青年基金項目(31901455)、江蘇省自然科學基金青年基金項目(SBK20180534)和江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新基金項目(CX(17)1002)


Analysis of Straw Displacement and Burying Effect in Straw-Soil-Rotary Tiller Interaction
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    摘要:

    分析秸稈-土壤-機具之間的交互關(guān)系,明確秸稈運動規(guī)律及分布效果,對秸稈管理及耕作機械優(yōu)化設計具有重要的作用。為探究秸稈-土壤-旋耕機交互下的關(guān)鍵作業(yè)參數(shù)對秸稈位移和埋覆效果的影響,利用Design-Expert軟件,根據(jù)Box-Behnken試驗原理進行了室內(nèi)土槽試驗。以旋耕埋草作業(yè)中的秸稈長度、耕作深度、刀軸轉(zhuǎn)速為影響因素,以秸稈位移和埋覆率為指標進行三因素三水平的二次回歸正交試驗。通過建立響應面數(shù)學模型,分析了各因素對旋耕埋草效果的影響。試驗結(jié)果表明:影響秸稈埋覆率和位移的主次順序為耕作深度、秸稈長度、刀軸轉(zhuǎn)速;秸稈長度與耕作深度交互作用對秸稈埋覆率和位移影響顯著,其余參數(shù)交互作用不顯著。多目標優(yōu)化結(jié)果表明:當秸稈長度為5cm、耕作深度為14.99cm、刀軸轉(zhuǎn)速為320r/min時,埋草效果最優(yōu),其對應指標秸稈埋覆率與位移分別為95.5%和27.6cm。利用優(yōu)化后的參數(shù)進行試驗驗證,秸稈埋覆率與位移分別為93.3%和28.1cm。研究結(jié)果可為旋耕埋草作業(yè)參數(shù)調(diào)整提供參考,為秸稈-土壤-機具交互機理研究提供理論支撐。

    Abstract:

    Analyzing the interaction of straw-soil-machinery and clarifying the movement and distribution of straw plays an important role in straw management and optimal design of farming machinery. Design-Expert software and Box-Behnken test were used to conduct an experimental study on the performance of key operation parameters under the interaction of straw-soil-rotary tiller on straw displacement and burying effect. In the tillage experiment, a quadratic regression orthogonal experiment was designed with three factors and three levels, including the influencing factors of the straw length, the tillage depth, and the rotary speed, and the response indexes of straw displacement and burial rate. By establishing the response surface mathematical model, the effects of various factors on the performance of rotary tillage were analyzed. The experimental results showed that the significant order of the influence on the amount of straw burial rate and straw displacement was as follows: the tillage depth, the straw length, and the rotary speed. The interaction between the tillage depth and the straw length had a significant impact on the straw burial rate and straw displacement, while the interactions between other parameters were not significant. When the straw length was 5cm, the tillage depth was 14.99cm and the rotary speed was 320r/min, the straw returning effect was the best. The corresponding indexes of straw burial rate and straw displacement were 95.5% and 27.6cm, respectively. The optimized parameters were used for experimental verification. The straw burial rate and straw displacement were 93.3% and 28.1cm,respectively. The results can provide reference for the adjustment of operation parameters of rotary tillage and provide theoretical support for the study of straw-soil-machine interaction mechanism.

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徐高明,丁啟朔,汪小旵,梁磊,何瑞銀,陳信信.秸稈-土壤-旋耕機交互下秸稈位移與埋覆效果研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(7):23-29. XU Gaoming, DING Qishuo, WANG Xiaochan, LIANG Lei, HE Ruiyin, CHEN Xinxin. Analysis of Straw Displacement and Burying Effect in Straw-Soil-Rotary Tiller Interaction[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(7):23-29.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-07-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-07-10
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