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播種機組加種加肥參數(shù)與地塊長度關系建模與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2021YFD2000405-2)和國家大豆產(chǎn)業(yè)技術體系專項資金項目(CARS-04-PS27)


Modeling and Experiment on Relationship between Seed and Fertilizer Adding Parameters for Seeding Machinery Unit and Plot Length
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    摘要:

    加種加肥是播種機組必不可少的作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié),研究播種機組加種加肥參數(shù)與作業(yè)單元地塊長度間的定量關系,對客觀分析加種加肥參數(shù)隨地塊長度變化規(guī)律、提高播種機組的時間利用率具有重要理論和實際意義。基于播種機組實際作業(yè)組織需求,提出加種加肥行程比αw的概念,建立了3種加種加肥方式及有、無αw條件下,播種機組加種加肥點間距離、加種加肥量、加種加肥次數(shù)和加種加肥總時間等隨作業(yè)單元地塊長度變化關系的數(shù)學模型;結合試驗數(shù)據(jù)采用Matlab計算,分別確定了4種典型播種機組以單側加種加肥方式作業(yè)時4個加種加肥參數(shù)隨作業(yè)單元地塊長度的變化規(guī)律;明確了有、無αw條件下播種機組加種參數(shù)隨地塊長度均呈“兩段一點”式變化規(guī)律;確定了當?shù)貕K面積為5hm2時,單側加種加肥方式作業(yè)條件下4種典型播種機組的加種參數(shù)不同段與其相同段的分界點及其可作業(yè)的地塊長度上限點:約翰迪爾7830播種機組的地塊長度段分界點為575m、可作業(yè)地塊長度上限點為1151m,維美德171播種機組的分界點為438m、上限點為1031m,常發(fā)504播種機組的分界點為457m、上限點為1035m,黃海254播種機組的分界點為517m、上限點為1035m。研究結果完善了農(nóng)業(yè)機組運用的相關理論,為有效提高機組的時間利用率及作業(yè)效率提供了理論和技術支撐,為播種機組作業(yè)規(guī)劃、農(nóng)業(yè)機械化高質(zhì)量發(fā)展提供了科學依據(jù)。

    Abstract:

    The work of adding seed and fertilizer is an indispensable operation for seeding machinery unit. The research on quantitative relationship between seed or fertilizer adding parameters for seeding machinery unit and operational plot length is of great theoretical and practical significance to objectively analyze the regulars of seed and fertilizer adding parameters varying with plot length, and to improve the time utilization rate for seeding machinery unit. Based on the actual operation organization needs for the seeding machinery unit, the concept of the travel ratio of seed and fertilizer adding αw was put forward, the mathematic models of the distance between two adjacent seed or fertilizer adding positions, seed or fertilizer adding amount, seed or fertilizer adding times, and seed and fertilizer adding time for seeding machinery unit varying with the parameters of operational plot length were established under the conditions of three adding seed and fertilizer modes and with or without αw. Combined with experimental data and Matlab software, the various regulars of four seed and fertilizer adding parameters varying with operational plot length were determined when four typical seeding machinery units were operated with adding seed and fertilizer at one side of the plot. Regulars of four seed adding parameters of seeding machinery unit with or without αw all had a “two-ranges one-point” feature varying with plot length. When the plot area was 5hm2, the demarcation points between the corresponding plot length ranges with different seed adding parameters and with the same seed adding parameters, and the upper limit points of plot lengths that can be operated by four typical seeding machinery units with adding seed and fertilizer at one side of the plot were determined: the demarcation point of John Deere 7830 seeding machinery unit was 575m and the upper limit point was 1151m, the demarcation point of Valtra 171 seeding machinery unit was 438m and the upper limit point was 1031m, the demarcation point of Changfa 504 seeding machinery unit was 457m and the upper limit point was 1035m, and the demarcation point of the Huanghai 254 seeding machinery unit was 517m and the upper limit point was 1035m. The research results can improve the relevant application theory of agricultural machinery unit, provide theoretical and technical support for effectively improving time utilization rate and operational efficiency, and provide scientific basis for operation planning for seeding machinery unit and high-quality developing of agricultural mechanization.

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喬金友,萬盈貝,叢昕,郭長友,陳海濤,邵光輝.播種機組加種加肥參數(shù)與地塊長度關系建模與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(7):43-55. QIAO Jinyou, WAN Yingbei, CONG Xin, GUO Changyou, CHEN Haitao, SHAO Guanghui. Modeling and Experiment on Relationship between Seed and Fertilizer Adding Parameters for Seeding Machinery Unit and Plot Length[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(7):43-55.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-02-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-07-10
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