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大喂入量玉米籽粒收獲機清選系統(tǒng)雙層篩孔抖動板研究
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國家自然科學基金項目(51475090、52075091)


Research on Double-layer Jitter Plates with Holes in Large-feeding Mass Cleaning System of Maize Grain Harvester
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    摘要:

    為滿足玉米籽粒收獲機對大喂入量玉米脫出物的清選要求,設計了一種使玉米脫出物在進入清選裝置時分流的雙層篩孔式抖動板。對玉米脫出物離開抖動板到達振動篩前的運動進行了分析,確定了上、下抖動板相對于振動篩的位置,并參考圓孔篩確定了上抖動板篩孔的分布和尺寸。以抖動板的安裝傾角、振幅和頻率作為試驗因素,以振動篩篩分玉米脫出物時間、清選系統(tǒng)收集籽粒的清潔率和損失率為性能評價指標,基于CFD-DEM耦合仿真方法確定各試驗因素對性能指標的影響,并設計了二次正交旋轉中心組合試驗,建立了各因素與指標之間的回歸數學模型。在清選系統(tǒng)入口氣流速度、氣流方向角和玉米脫出物喂入量分別為12.8m/s、25°和7kg/s的條件下,獲得最優(yōu)參數組合:抖動板安裝傾角、抖動板頻率、抖動板振幅分別為-3.85°、5.62Hz、44.77mm,此時清選系統(tǒng)收集的籽粒清潔率為98.36%,籽粒損失率為1.45%,振動篩篩分玉米脫出物時間為6.74s,并通過臺架試驗驗證了仿真結果的準確性,相比于帶有單層抖動板的清選系統(tǒng),籽粒清潔率提高了1.72個百分點,損失率降低了0.84個百分點,振動篩篩分玉米脫出物時間縮短了0.57s。

    Abstract:

    To meet the requirements of maize grain harvester for cleaning large feeding mass of maize mixture, the double-layer jitter plates with holes were designed to shunt the maize mixture when they entered the cleaning device. The movement of particles after leaving jitter plates before arriving at vibrating screen was analyzed. The position of the upper and lower jitter plates relative to the vibrating screen, the distribution and size of the sieve holes on the upper jitter plate were determined. The angles of the jitter plates installed, the amplitude and the frequency of the jitter plates were chosen as the experimental factors. The time of cleaning maize mixture by the screeens, the cleaning rate and the loss rate of the maize grains were chosen as the performance indexes. The CFD-DEM coupled method was used. The effect of test factors on performance indexes was determined. The quadratic orthogonal rotational-combinational simulation tests were designed. The regression mathematical models between factors and indexes were founded. When the inlet velocity of airflow was 12.8m/s, the direction angle of airflow was 25°, the feeding mass was 7kg/s, the best combination of parameters were that the angle of the jitter plates installed was -3.85°, that the frequency of the jitter plates was 5.62Hz and the amplitude of jitter plates was 44.77mm. The cleaning and loss rate of maize grain and the time of cleaning maize mixture by the screens were 98.36%, 1.45% and 6.74s, respectively. Compared with the cleaning system with single-layer jitter plate, the cleaning rate of maize grain was reduced by 1.72 percentage points, the loss rate of maize grian was reduced by 0.84 percentage points and the time of cleaning maize mixture was shortened by 0.57s. The performance tests were done in the laboratory to verify the accuracy of the simulation results.

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王立軍,劉偉騰,李懿航,于錕蒙.大喂入量玉米籽粒收獲機清選系統(tǒng)雙層篩孔抖動板研究[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(7):92-102. WANG Lijun, LIU Weiteng, LI Yihang, YU Kunmeng. Research on Double-layer Jitter Plates with Holes in Large-feeding Mass Cleaning System of Maize Grain Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(7):92-102.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-06-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-07-10
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