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基于機器視覺和北斗定位的小麥變量噴霧系統(tǒng)研究
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財政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術體系建設項目(CARS-03)和中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學2115人才工程項目


Design of Wheat Variable Spray System Based on Machine Vision and Beidou Positioning
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    摘要:

    針對傳統(tǒng)植保噴桿噴霧機作業(yè)時各噴頭以同等藥量噴灑的方式導致農(nóng)藥浪費、利用率低和污染環(huán)境等問題,以生長前期的小麥為研究對象,設計一種基于北斗定位系統(tǒng)和機器視覺的小麥變量噴霧作業(yè)系統(tǒng)。通過雙平面高度投影法完成對感興趣區(qū)域獲取,研究了速度、植株密度對噴霧的影響,提出變量噴霧流量的控制方法。在定位系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃的目標區(qū)域內(nèi),通過機器視覺處理實現(xiàn)變量噴霧,試驗結(jié)果表明,相同機組速度下,植株密度稀疏區(qū)相對植株密度正常區(qū)的平均霧滴覆蓋率平均減少12.06%;相同植株密度下機組前進速度0.75m/s相對1.50m/s的平均霧滴覆蓋率平均增加3.94%。在滿足噴霧標準的情況下,可以在不同速度、不同植株密度下實現(xiàn)變量噴霧。為驗證目標區(qū)域邊界行駛速度對等級變換準確度,進行定位傳感器實時判斷在目標區(qū)域邊界噴頭相對位置并控制開閉,試驗結(jié)果表明,在行駛速度為0.50m/s時準確度最高,區(qū)域邊界行駛超出量誤差平均值為48.72cm;為驗證行駛方式對噴霧等級變換準確度的影響,使用北斗定位系統(tǒng)在目標區(qū)域邊界開展行駛方式對噴霧等級變換準確度的影響試驗,試驗結(jié)果表明,駛?cè)肽繕藚^(qū)域超出量誤差平均值為7.20cm。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of waste of pesticide, low utilization rate and environmental pollution caused by spraying the same amount of pesticide in the traditional plant protection spray rod sprayer, a wheat variable spray operation system based on positioning system and machine vision was designed. The region of interest (ROI) was obtained by double-plane height projection method. The effects of velocity and plant density on spray volume were studied, and the control method of variable spray volume was proposed. In the target area planned by the positioning system, variable spray was realized by machine vision processing. The test results showed that at the same unit speed, the average fog drop coverage in the sparse area of plant density was reduced by 12.06% compared with that in the normal area of plant density. At the same plant density, the average fog drop coverage rate at unit advancing speed of 0.75m/s was 3.94% higher than that at speed of 1.50m/s. Under the condition that the spray standard was satisfied, variable spray can be realized at different speeds and different plant densities. In order to verify the grade transformation accuracy of the driving speed at the boundary of the target area, the positioning sensor was used to judge the relative position of the nozzle at the boundary of the target area in real time and control the opening and closing. The test results showed that the accuracy was the highest when the driving speed was 0.50m/s, and the average exceeding error at the boundary of the region was 48.72cm. In order to verify the influence of driving mode on the accuracy of spray level transformation, a test on the influence of driving mode on the accuracy of spray level transformation was carried out at the boundary of the target area by the positioning system. The test results showed that the average value of the minimum outsize error of driving into the target area was 7.20cm.

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楊文超,何進,周靖凱,李洪文,王慶杰,盧彩云.基于機器視覺和北斗定位的小麥變量噴霧系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(7):150-161. YANG Wenchao, HE Jin, ZHOU Jingkai, LI Hongwen, WANG Qingjie, LU Caiyun. Design of Wheat Variable Spray System Based on Machine Vision and Beidou Positioning[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(7):150-161.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-07-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-07-10
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