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氮肥溶液磁化灌溉下土壤入滲特征和水氮遷移規(guī)律研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51979231)


Characteristics of Soil Infiltration and Water and Nitrogen Transport under Irrigation with Magnetized Nitrogen Fertilizer Solution
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    摘要:

    為探明不同濃度氮肥溶液磁化前后土壤入滲特征和水氮遷移規(guī)律,采用恒定磁場強度300mT對質(zhì)量濃度分別為0、0.4、0.7、1.1g/L的硝酸鉀溶液進行磁化處理,以未磁化處理為對照,測定各處理溶液的電導(dǎo)率、pH值、溶氧量、表面張力、累積入滲量、濕潤鋒運移距離和入滲后不同土壤剖面水氮遷移分布。試驗結(jié)果表明:磁化處理溶液溶氧量顯著提高,電導(dǎo)率和表面張力顯著減小,并隨溶液濃度變化有顯著影響,但對pH值無顯著影響。氮肥溶液磁化入滲增大了相同入滲時間內(nèi)的濕潤鋒運移距離和累積入滲量,Philip、Green-Ampt、一維代數(shù)入滲模型擬合所得參數(shù)土壤吸滲率S、飽和導(dǎo)水率Ks以及有效土壤水?dāng)U散率D-均增大,濕潤峰處的土壤水吸力Sf、土壤水分特征曲線和非飽和導(dǎo)水率綜合形狀系數(shù)m均減小,增滲效果隨氮肥溶液濃度增大而增大。磁化氮肥溶液可提高土壤持水能力,且隨溶液濃度增大持水能力增強,一維代數(shù)入滲公式可較好描述不同磁場強度下各濃度溶液土壤入滲結(jié)束時的土壤含水率分布情況。氮肥溶液和磁化作用對土壤硝態(tài)氮含量的影響呈顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系,二者共同作用下,磁化高濃度溶液硝態(tài)氮含量最高,這有利于土壤無機氮素的保持。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the effects of nitrogen fertilizer solution on soil infiltration characteristics and water and nitrogen migration patterns before and after magnetization, a 300mT constant magnetic field intensity was used to magnetize different potassium nitrate solution concentrations (0g/L, 0.4g/L, 0.7g/L and 1.1g/L), un-magnetized treatments were used as control, and electrical conductivity, pH value, dissolved oxygen amount, cumulative infiltration amount, and wetting front migration distance of solution under different treatments and water and nitrogen migration distribution in different soil profiles after infiltration were determined. The results showed that the amount of dissolved oxygen was significantly increased and electrical conductivity and surface tension were significantly reduced by magnetized fertilizer solution, and the change degree became more significant with the increase of fertilizer solution concentration. The cumulative infiltration amount and the wetting front migration distance within the same time were increased by magnetized fertilizer solution. Soil sorptivity rate S, soil saturated hydraulic conductivity Ks, and effective soil water diffusivity D- in the Philip, Green-Ampt, and one-dimensional algebramic infiltration models were increased, while the suction Sf at the wetting peak and the soil moisture characteristic curve and comprehensive shape coefficient of unsaturated water conductivity m were reduced. The effect of increased infiltration was increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer solution concentration. The magnetized nitrogen fertilizer solution improved soil water holding capacity and it was increased with the increase of solution concentration. The one-dimensional algebraic infiltration formula could well describe the distribution of soil water content at the end of soil infiltration of each fertilizer solution concentration under different magnetic field intensities. Both the nitrogen fertilizer solution concentration and magnetization had significant positive correlations with soil nitrate content, and magnetized fertilizer solution with high concentration had the highest values under the combined effect which benefited the conservation of soil inorganic nitrogen.

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李佳蓓,張富倉,段晨驍,ABDELGHANY Ahmed Elsayed,楊玲,李志軍.氮肥溶液磁化灌溉下土壤入滲特征和水氮遷移規(guī)律研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2022,53(7):316-324. LI Jiabei, ZHANG Fucang, DUAN Chenxiao, ABDELGHANY Ahmed Elsayed, YANG Ling, LI Zhijun. Characteristics of Soil Infiltration and Water and Nitrogen Transport under Irrigation with Magnetized Nitrogen Fertilizer Solution[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(7):316-324.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-08-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-07-10
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