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基于表面凹凸性的羊胴體點(diǎn)云分割方法
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018YFD0700804)


Point Cloud Segmentation of Sheep Carcass Based on Surface Convexity
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    摘要:

    羊胴體自動(dòng)化分割對(duì)于提高羊屠宰加工企業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率有重要意義。為實(shí)現(xiàn)將羊胴體點(diǎn)云精準(zhǔn)高效地分割為多分體,研究了一種基于表面凹凸性的羊胴體點(diǎn)云分割方法。以倒掛狀態(tài)下的巴美肉羊胴體為研究對(duì)象,利用三維激光掃描儀獲取羊胴體點(diǎn)云。首先,對(duì)羊胴體點(diǎn)云進(jìn)行預(yù)處理,去除離群點(diǎn)噪聲和采用體素濾波的方法進(jìn)行下采樣;并將羊胴體點(diǎn)云超體素化,以獲取超體素鄰接圖;然后,對(duì)超體素鄰接圖中相鄰點(diǎn)云的公共邊進(jìn)行凹凸性判斷,將凹邊凸邊賦予不同權(quán)重;并由得分評(píng)估函數(shù)計(jì)算不同權(quán)重點(diǎn)云的得分,將結(jié)果與參數(shù)Smin作比較;最后,根據(jù)比較結(jié)果確定分割區(qū)域,完成對(duì)羊胴體點(diǎn)云的分割。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:羊胴體點(diǎn)云分割的平均精確度、平均召回率、平均F1值和平均總體準(zhǔn)確率分別為92.3%、91.3%、91.8%、92.1%。各分體的平均分割精確度分別為92.7%、90.7%、92.6%、93.2%、92.5%、92.2%,各分體的平均分割召回率分別為86.0%、93.2%、92.8%、91.6%、90.9%、93.4%,處理單只羊胴體點(diǎn)云的平均時(shí)長(zhǎng)為18.82s。通過處理多分體組合點(diǎn)云以及多體型羊胴體點(diǎn)云判斷本文方法的適用性,并引入?yún)^(qū)域生長(zhǎng)、歐氏聚類2種點(diǎn)云分割方法進(jìn)行對(duì)比試驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證本文方法的綜合分割能力。研究表明本文方法具有較高的分割精度、一定的實(shí)時(shí)性和良好的適用性,綜合分割能力較優(yōu)。

    Abstract:

    The automated segmentation of sheep carcass is of great significance for improving the productivity of sheep slaughtering and processing enterprises and can contribute to a more intelligent sheep slaughtering and processing industry in China. In order to achieve accurate and efficient segmentation of the sheep carcass point cloud data into multiple splits, and provide a reference for the sheep carcass segmentation robot, a sheep carcass point cloud segmentation method was used based on surface convexity, and the Bame mutton sheep was taken as the research object. The sample point cloud data was collected on the sheep carcass segmentation production line of Meiyangyang Food Co., Ltd. in Inner Mongolia, Bayannaoer. Using the point cloud collection method, a handheld scanner was used to surround the sheep carcass. Multiple laser photosensitive films were randomly attached to the surface of the sheep carcass for three-dimensional positioning and scanning in data collection. The distance between the scanner and the sheep carcass was controlled within 200mm. The point cloud processing steps were as follows: the voxel filtering method was used to downsample the sheep carcass point cloud;the point cloud data was supervoxelized to obtain the supervoxel adjacency graph;the common edge of the adjacent point cloud in the supervoxel adjacency graph was judged by concave and convex, and the concave and convex edges were given different weights;a score function was introduced, and the relationship between the score of each point cloud and the minimum cut score according to different weights were calculated and compared;according to the comparison results, the Ransac algorithm was used to determine the segmentation plane, divide the segmentation area, and complete the segmentation of the sheep carcass point cloud. The test results showed that the average precision, average recall ratio, average F1 value and average overall accuracy of sheep carcass point cloud segmentation were 92.3%, 91.3%, 91.8% and 92.1%, respectively, and the average accuracy of each split were 92.7%, 90.7%, 92.6%, 93.2%, 92.5% and 92.2%, the average recall ratio were 86.0%, 93.2%, 92.8%, 91.6%, 90.9% and 93.4%, respectively. The average time to process a single sheep carcass point cloud was 18.82s. The applicability of this method was judged by segmenting combinations of different sheep carcass split point clouds and sheep carcass point clouds of different body weights, and the comprehensive segmentation ability of this method was verified by comparing two point cloud segmentation algorithms, namely the commonly used region grow and the Euclidean clustering. The results showed that the method can maintain high segmentation accuracy and processing speed in processing three different body types of sheep carcass point cloud samples. The segmentation effect and index results, however, showed obvious advantages: the sheep carcass point cloud can be accurately segmented into hexads, and the segmentation boundary between the splits was flat and clear. It can be used as the basis for the follow-up robots segmentation;the four indexes to evaluate the segmentation accuracy were higher than that of the region grow by 27.1%, 11.5%, 19.2% and 8.9%, and higher than that of the Euclidean clustering by 10.8%, 21.7%, 16.3% and 16.6%, respectively. Research results showed that the method had high segmentation accuracy, good real-time performance and certain applicability, and the comprehensive segmentation showed good ability.

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王樹才,白宇,趙世達(dá),楊華建.基于表面凹凸性的羊胴體點(diǎn)云分割方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(7):387-394. WANG Shucai, BAI Yu, ZHAO Shida, YANG Huajian. Point Cloud Segmentation of Sheep Carcass Based on Surface Convexity[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(7):387-394.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-07-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-07-10
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